Izimoto zikagesi (EVS) zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kusuka ekuphumeni okuphansi ukunciphisa izindleko zikaphethiloli. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo owodwa ovame ukuvela ukuthi ngabe ijubane lithinta imayela labo. Impendulo ingu-Yebo omangalisayo - ushayela ngokushesha kangakanani ungathinta kakhulu uhla lwakho lwe-EV. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola isayensi ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwejubane kanye nokusetshenziswa kwebhethri, ijubane elifanele lobubanzi obuphezulu, indima yezimo zokushayela, kanye namasu asebenzayo ukunweba abasebenzisi bangempela emhlabeni.
Isayensi ngemuva kwejubane nokusetshenziswa kwebhethri
Ijubane lithonya ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-EV. Njengoba usheshisa, imoto idonsela amandla amaningi ebhethri ukunqoba ukumelana nokugcina ukuvelela. Ngejubane eliphakeme, ukuhudula kwe-aerodynamic - amandla aphikisa ukunyakaza kwemoto - kwandiswa kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukushayela ku-120 km / h kudinga amandla amaningi kunokushayela ku-60 km / h, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwebhethri okusheshayo.
Isizathu silele emithethweni ye-physics: Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhuphuka ngesikwele sejubane, okusho ukuthi ukwenyuka okuncane okuholela ekugxumeni okukhulu ekujuleni okukhulu ekuhumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le moto kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ixhase isivinini esiphakeme, esibeka ubunzima ebhethri.
Ijubane elifanele lobubanzi obuphezulu
Ukunquma ijubane elifanele lokukhulisa ububanzi emotweni kagesi (eV) kubandakanya ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokusebenza kahle. Iningi le-EVS lifinyelela ukusebenza kwejubane eliphakeme ngejubane elilinganiselayo, ngokuvamile cishe ngo-50-70 km / h (31-43 mph). Leli banga libonisa i- 'spot ' lapho umthelela wokuhudula we-aerodynamic uphansi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri kuhlala kuzinzile. Njengoba ijubane likhula ngale ndlela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhuphuka ngokungafanele ngenxa yokumelana komoya okukhulu.
Emigwaqweni emikhulu, ukushayela ngesivinini ngenhla kwe-100-110 km / h (62-68 mph) kunganciphisa ibanga elikhulu kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-30- 40%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuhudula kwe-aerodynamic kukhuphuka ngesikwele sejubane. Isibonelo, ukushayela ku-120 km / h (75 mph) kunganciphisa ibanga ngo-15-25% uma kuqhathaniswa nokushayela ku-90 km / h (56 mph). Ukunciphisa lokhu kulahlekelwa, abanye abashayeli basebenzisa i-Adaptive Cruise Control, esiza ukugcina isivinini esiqinile, ukugwema ukusheshisa okungadingekile okungakhipha ibhethri.
Phakathi kwa- Izimoto ezisebenza ngejubane eliphansi (LSEVS) , zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamadolobha, iziqongo ezisebenza kahle ngejubane eliphansi - zizungeze ama-25-45 km / h (15-28 mph). Lezi zimoto azihloselwe imigwaqo emikhulu, ngakho-ke ijubane elihamba kancane, eliqinile liqinisekisa uhla olulungile. Ukukhishwa kwezimoto okuncishisiwe kanye namakhono wejubane elilinganiselwe avumela ama-Lsevs ukumboza amamayela amaningi ngokukhokhisa ngakunye, okwenza kube yinto efanelekile edolobheni elifushane.
Ijubane aligcini ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla kodwa futhi lithinta ukufudumeza kwebhethri. Ukushayela ngokungaguquguquki ngesivinini esikhulu kungashisa ibhethri, kuvuse izinhlelo zokupholisa ezidonsa amandla amaningi futhi ziphinde zinciphise ibanga. Lo mphumela ubonakele ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semigwaqo emisha ngaphandle kwekhefu njalo.
Umthelela wezimo zokushayela ebangeni
Ijubane lilodwa alisho ukuthi imayela lezimo zokushayela zangaphandle ze-EV libuye libe nomthelela omkhulu ebangeni. Lezi zimo zisebenzisana nezinhlelo zemoto nebhethri ngezindlela ezingathuthukisa ukusebenza noma zinciphise ukusebenza. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile:
1. I-Road Terrain
• Imizila eHillow idla amandla amaningi ekuthambezini, njengoba imoto isebenza kanzima ukulwa namandla adonsela phansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla kwehla kungabuyisa amandla ngokuvuselela kabusha, yize kungenele ukuqeda ngokugcwele ukuncipha kokukhuphuka.
• Izindawo eziyizicaba zivame ukusekela uhla olungcono, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa namasu we-eco-drive afana nokusheshisa okuqinile.
2. Isimo sezulu kanye nokushisa
• Ukubanda okwedlulele kunciphisa ukusebenza kwebhethri, njengoba ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion anciphisa. Ngokwengeziwe, izinhlelo zokushisa zifuna amandla angeziwe ukufudumeza ikhabethe nebhethri. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abashayeli bangase basebenzise isimo sangaphambi kwekhabethe ngenkathi imoto isashaja ukunciphisa umthwalo ngesikhathi sedrayivu.
• Isimo sezulu esishisayo sibuye sibe nomthelela ekuphoqeleni izinhlelo zokufaka umoya zomoya ukuze ziqhube ngokuqhubekayo, ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ezinye izi-EVS zinikeza izindlela ze-eco ezinciphisa amandla we-hvac ukwelula mileage.
3. ICity VS. Highway Driving
• Ekushayweni kweCity, imizamo ejwayelekile futhi iqala ukuvumela ukubopha okuvuselelayo ukuze kubuye kabusha amandla, okwenza izindawo ezisemadolobheni zisebenze ngokumangazayo nge-EVS naphezu kwethrafikhi yokumisa.
• Emigwaqweni emikhulu, ukushayela okusheshayo okusheshayo kwehlisa amathuba okubopha, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwebhethri okusheshayo. Kubashayeli abathatha uhambo olude, behlisa ijubane ku-80-90 km / h (50-56 mph) bangathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokukhulisa isikhathi sokuhamba.
4. Ukumelana nomoya kanye nomoya
• Ama-Headwinds akhulisa ukuhudula kwe-aerodynamic, ukuphoqa imoto ukuthi isebenze kanzima. Ama-Crosswinds angaba nomthelela ohlangeni ngokwazisa ukungazinzi, okudinga ukulungiswa kwejubane njalo. Ngokuphambene, ama-tailwinds anciphisa ukuhudula, ukusiza ukondla amandla.
5. Ikhwalithi yethrafikhi neyasemgwaqweni
• Ithrafikhi yokumisa nokuhamba inganciphisa uhla uma ukubopha kabusha kungasebenzi ngokuphelele. Izindawo zomgwaqo ezingezinhle, ezinjengokotini noma amatshe amatshe, zandisa ukumelana nokugoqa, ukudonsa ibhethri ngokushesha kune-asphalt ebushelelezi.
Ukuqonda lezi zinto zangaphandle zisiza abashayeli abahlele izindlela ezisebenza kahle. Isibonelo, ukukhetha imigwaqo ethophile, ukushayela ngesikhathi sezulu esilinganiselwe, futhi ukugwema izindawo eziphezulu kungathuthukisa kakhulu uhla lwe-EVS elijwayelekile kanye nama-LSEV.
Ezinye izinto ezithinta mileage
Kunezici eziningana ezingaphezu kwejubane kungathonya ukusebenza kahle kwe-EV:
1 Ukulondolozwa kwengcindezi efanelekile kuthuthukisa uhla.
2. Umthwalo Wesisindo: Ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo kunezela ubunzima emotweni futhi kunciphise mileage.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ezisizayo: Ukuvula isimo somoya, ukufudumeza, noma amasistimu we-infotainment kukhipha ibhethri ngokushesha. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo phakathi nohambo olude kunganweba ibanga.
Lezi zinto zigqamisa ukubaluleka kokulungiswa kwezimoto kanye nemikhuba yokushayela ekukhuliseni kahle.
Amasu we-eco-drive ukuthuthukisa uhla
Ukuthola imikhuba ye-eco-yokushayela kungathuthukisa kakhulu mileage. Nawa amanye amasu aphumelelayo:
• Ukusheshisa okubushelelezi kanye nokubopha: Gwema ukushesha okungazelelwe kanye ne-braking enokhahlo ukuze ulondoloze amandla.
• Sebenzisa ukulawulwa kwe-cruise: emigwaqweni eyisicaba, ukulawulwa kokuhamba ngesikebhe kusiza ukugcina ijubane eliqinile, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungadingekile.
• Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-Braking: Sebenzisa lesi sici ukululama amandla ngesikhathi sokuncishiswa, ikakhulukazi ekushayeleni idolobha.
• Ukufaka isimo sangaphambi kwekhabethe: kupholile noma kushise imoto ngenkathi kuxhunyiwe, kunciphisa umthwalo webhethri ngesikhathi sohambo.
Lawa masu avumelanisa nefilosofi ye-eco-shayela i-ecosophy yokucabanga okulindelekile kanye nokushayela ngokufanele ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwebhethri.
Ukuqonda Komphakathi kanye Nemininingwane Yangempela Yomhlaba
Abashayeli abaningi be-EV bahlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwizithangami eziku-inthanethi, benikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile kwijubane elithinta ngayo ibanga. Ngokusho kwemibiko yabasebenzisi, ukushayela ngejubane eliqinile le-80-90 km / h emigwaqweni emikhulu kugadla ukulingana okuhle phakathi kokusebenza kahle nesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukushayela njalo ngenhla kwe-120 km / h kuvame ukuphumela ekunciphiseni okumangazayo ebangeni, kudinga ukwenziwa kabusha okujwayelekile.
Abanye abashayeli baphinde basebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlela uhambo ukuthola iziteshi zokushaja ezindleleni zabo, beqinisekisa ukuthi abaze baphelelwe amandla. Lawa mathuluzi asiza ikakhulukazi ku-Lsevs kanye nabashayeli abahlelele uhambo olude.
Ukugcina
Ngamafuphi, isivinini sidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni imayela lemoto kagesi. Ukushayela ngejubane elilinganiselayo kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle, ngenkathi isivinini esikhulu kakhulu sinciphisa kakhulu ibanga ngenxa yezidingo zamandla ezandayo. Kodwa-ke, ijubane akulona ukuphela kwe-Fact-Terrain, isimo sezulu, ingcindezi yesondo, nemikhuba yokushayela nayo ithinta ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri. Ngokwamukela imikhuba ye-eco-eshayela nokufunda kusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela komhlaba, abashayeli be-EV banganweba ibanga labo futhi bajabulele ababushelelezi, abahamba kahle.
Noma ngabe ushayela imoto kagesi enesivinini esiphansi amafushane noma i-EV ende emgwaqweni omkhulu, ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwejubane nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kubalulekile ukwenza kahle mileage.
