Ingabe izimoto zikagesi ziphephile kunezimoto zegesi?

Impikiswano ngokuphepha kwezimoto zikagesi ibilokhu ifudumeza. Njengoba i-EVS ikhula ngokuthandwa, abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi banikela ngokuvikelwa okungcono kunezimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuphepha kwezimoto zikagesi uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi. Uzofunda ngomklamo, ukusebenza kwengozi, kanye nezici zokuphepha ezithuthukile ze-EVS.  

Ukuqonda amazinga okuphepha e-EV

Yiziphi izindinganiso zokuphepha zezimoto zikagesi? 

Izimoto zikagesi (EVS) ziyadingeka ukuze zihlangabezane namazinga afanayo okuphepha njengezimoto ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli. Lezi zindinganiso zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izimoto ezisendleleni ziyakwazi ukuvikela abahlali babo uma kwenzeka ingozi. I-EVS ibhekana nokuhlolwa okufanayo nokuphepha njengezimoto zikaphethiloli, ukumboza izimo ezahlukahlukene njengokushayisana kwangaphambili, imithelela eseceleni, kanye nama-rollovers. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izimoto zikagesi ziphephile njengezimoto zendabuko.

I-EVS ihlangana kanjani nemithetho yezokuphepha? 

I-EVS ihlolwe ukulimala, okusho amandla abo okuvikela abagibeli ngesikhathi sokushayisana. 

Izimoto zikagesi zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana noma zedlule amazinga afanayo nezimoto ezijwayelekile kuzo zonke lezi zivivinyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okwanele ezingozini.

• Ukuhlolwa kwengozi yangaphambili : Ukulingisa ukushayisana ikhanda ukubheka ubuqotho bemoto.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Side-Intanethi : Ukuqinisekisa amandla emoto okuvikela abahlali ngesikhathi sokushayisana.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Rollover : Ukuhlola amathuba okuba imoto ephenya ngaphezulu kwezimo zokushayela ngokweqile noma ukuphahlazeka.

Izimoto zegesi ze-EVS vs ezingozini

• Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zisebenza kanjani engozini uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikaphethiloli?  Ngokuvamile, izimoto zikagesi zinokusebenza okuqinile ekuhlolweni kokuphahlazeka. Isisindo esingeziwe se-EVS - ngenxa yamabhethri abo - kaningi sibanikeza umphetho ekuphepheni kwengozi. Lesi sisindo esinzima sisiza ukuvikela abagibeli ngokunciphisa amabutho ahlangabezana nakho ngesikhathi sokushayisana. Ukuhlolwa Kwezokuphepha kubonise ukuthi i-EVS ngokuvamile ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungcono emcimbini wengozi, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga okulimala ezimweni ezifanayo zokuphahlazeka.

• Ngabe i-EVS ingabi nakancane ukubamba umlilo engozini?  Izingozi zomlilo ngemuva kokuphahlazeka kuyinkinga enkulu kuzo zombili izimoto zikagesi nezephethiloli. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-EVS ngokuvamile iba nengozi ephansi yokubamba umlilo uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikaphethiloli ngemuva kokushayisana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uphethiloli ushayeleka kakhulu, futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi, ithangi likaphethiloli angaqhamuka futhi anciphise kalula. Ngokuphambene, ngenkathi amabhethri e-EV angabamba umlilo ngaphansi kwezimo ezedlulele, izehlakalo zomlilo zaphansi ziphansi kakhulu ngenxa yezici zokuphepha ezithuthukile njengokuxhumeka kwebhethri kanye nokulimala kwebhethri okulwa nomlilo.

Ukuphepha kwebhethri nobuchwepheshe

• Ibhethri le-EV liphephile?  Ukuphepha kwebhethri ezimotweni zikagesi kungenye yezinto ezibucayi kakhulu zokwakhiwa kwazo. Amabhethri we-EV anamuhla athuthuke ngezici zokuphepha ukuvikela ukushisa ngokweqile, izibungu ezimfushane, nezinye izingqinamba ezingaholela emlilweni. Ngokuvamile bafakwa ekufakweni okuvikelayo okuvikela kumonakalo wangaphandle futhi banciphise ubungozi bokungasebenzi kahle.

• Ngabe amabhethri e-EV abamba umlilo?  Ngenkathi kungenzeka amabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswe ku-EVS ukuze abambe umlilo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izehlakalo ezinjalo azivamile kakhulu. Ingozi yomlilo e-EVS iphansi uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli, eziqukethe inani elikhulu likaphethiloli ovuthayo. Iningi le-EVS esemgwaqweni alikaze lihlangane nemililo yebhethri, kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo ekuphepheni kwebhethri ihlala yehlisa ubungozi.

• Amabhethri e-EV aklanyelwe kanjani ukuvikela imililo?  Amabhethri e-EV aklanyelwe izingqimba eziningi zokuvikelwa. Lezi zinhlelo zifaka phakathi izindlela zokulawulwa kwe-Thermal ukulawula amazinga okushisa, kanye nezindlela zokuphepha ezinqamule amandla emcimbini wengozi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha umlilo kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa kunciphisa ubungozi bemililo. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zici zokuphepha zenze amabhethri e-eV aphephile kakhulu kunamamodeli okuqala.

Izici zokuphepha ezimotweni zikagesi

• Yiziphi izici zokuphepha ezinezimoto zikagesi ezinazo?  Izimoto zikagesi zifakwe ubuchwepheshe obuningi bokuphepha obusezingeni eliphezulu obusiza ukuvikela izingozi futhi uthuthukise ukuphepha okuphelele. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

• I-othomathikhi ephuthumayo Braking (AEB) : Lolu hlelo lubona ukushayisana okungaba khona futhi lusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo amabhuleki ukunciphisa umthelela noma ukugwema ingozi.

• I-Lane-ukugcina usizo (LKA) : isiza abashayeli ukuthi bahlale ngaphakathi emzileni wabo, bevimbela ukuhamba kwe-lane ngengozi.

• I-Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) : Ilungisa ijubane lemoto ukuze lilondoloze ibanga elivikelekile kusuka emotweni phambili, kunciphisa ubungozi bokushayisana kwangemuva.

• Isikhungo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi senza kanjani i-EVS iphephe?  Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zezimoto zikagesi isikhungo sazo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi. Iphakethe elikhulu, elisindayo lebhethri livame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwemoto, esiza ngokuqinisa imoto futhi inciphise amathuba okuba yi-rollover. Lesi sici sokuklama senza ama-EVS athambekele ekutholeni ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokujika okubukhali noma abaphuthumayo abaphuthumayo. Izimoto zikaphethiloli zendabuko, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingaba nesizinda esiphakeme samandla adonsela phansi, zikhulisa ingozi yazo yokugoqa.

• Yiziphi izinhlelo zosizo lomshayeli ezithuthukile (ADAS) ezitholakala ku-EVS?  Izimoto eziningi zikagesi zifakwe izinhlelo zosizo lomshayeli athuthukile (adas), ezinikezela ngezici zokuphepha ezengeziwe ukusiza ukuvikela izingozi. Lezi zinhlelo zingafaka:

• Ukuqapha Ibala Lempumputhe : Izazisa umshayeli uma kukhona imoto endaweni eyimpumputhe.

• ISEXWAYISO SOKUXHUMANA : Ixwayisa umshayeli uma ukushayisana kusondelene nemoto ngaphambili.

• Isexwayiso sethrafikhi yasemuva : isiza abashayeli ngokuphepha emuva ezindaweni zokupaka ngokuzixwayisa ngezimoto ezisondela ohlangothini.

• Ingabe i-EVS iphephe ngokwemigomo yokuvikelwa kwengozi?  Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwabo, izimoto zikagesi zivame ukwenza kangcono ekuhlolweni kokuphahlazeka. Isisindo sebhethri, kanye nezindawo ezithuthukile zokuqhekeka, zisiza ukwabalalisa amandla okuphahlazeka ngokulinganayo, kunciphisa umthelela kubagibeli. Lokhu kwenza ama-EVS aphephe ngokuphelele ezimweni zokuphahlazeka uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli.

Ubungozi bokulimala kwabahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisekili

• Ingabe i-EVS iyingozi ngokwengeziwe kwabahamba ngezinyawo noma amabhayisekili?  Okunye ukukhathazeka ngezimoto zikagesi ukuthi zithule kakhulu kunezimoto zikaphethiloli. Ngejubane eliphansi, lokhu kuntuleka komsindo kungenza kube nzima kwabahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisekili ukuzwa imoto isondela. Kodwa-ke, kusho imithetho emisha ukubhekana nalolu daba, edinga i-EVS ukuthi ikhiphe umsindo ngejubane eliphansi ukuze axwayise abahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngezinyawo phambi kwabo.

• Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zithule kakhulu ukuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo?  Ukunciphisa ubungozi, ama-EVS amaningi manje asehlonyelwe amadivayisi azwakalayo asebenze lapho imoto ihamba ngejubane eliphansi. Lesi sici senzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisekili bangezwa imoto iza, noma ngabe ihamba buthule. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi bomgwaqo abasengozini.

Ukuphepha kwesikhathi eside nokuqina kwe-eV

• I-EVS igcina isikhathi esingakanani uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto zikaphethiloli maqondana nokuphepha?  Izimoto zikagesi zakhiwa zokugcina futhi zibe nezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli, okunciphisa amathuba okuhluleka kwemishini. I-EVS imvamisa ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi abakhiqizi abaningi bahlinzeka ngamawaranti omude kumabhethri, eqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ihlala iphephile ukushayela iminyaka eminingi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bebhethri buthuthuka, isikhathi sokuphila kwe-EVS siyaqhubeka ukwanda, sithuthukisa futhi ukuphepha kwabo nokwethembeka.

• Ingabe i-EVS inengozi ephezulu yokuhluleka kwebhethri noma ezinye izindaba zemishini?  Ukwehluleka kwebhethri ezimotweni zikagesi akuvamile futhi kuvame ukumbozwa ngaphansi kwewaranti yomenzi. Izingqinamba eziningi ezihlobene ne-EVS zinezinkinga eziphansi zokulungisa okuqhathaniswa nezinjini eziyinkimbinkimbi zangaphakathi zokuhlanganisa ezimotweni zendabuko, ezidinga ukulungiswa okujwayelekile. U-EVS uvame ukuba nezinkinga ezimbalwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, efaka isandla ekuphepheni kwabo kwesikhathi eside.

Ingabe izimoto zikagesi ziphephile kunezimoto zegesi? Isinqumo sokugcina

Izimoto zikagesi zihlangana namazinga afanayo okuphepha njengezimoto zikaphethiloli. Kwezinye izimo, banikela ngezinzuzo, njengezingozi zomlilo eziphansi kanye nokuvikelwa okungcono kwengozi.

Cabanga nge-EVS hhayi ngezinzuzo zabo zemvelo kuphela kodwa futhi nezimpawu zabo zokuphepha. Njengoba kuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe, izimoto zikagesi zizoqhubeka nokwenza ngcono, ziqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okukhulu kubo bobabili abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo.

Amazolumbo

Q: Ngabe izimoto zikagesi ziphephile kunezimoto zegesi?

A: Izimoto zikagesi (i-EVS) zihlangabezana namazinga afanayo okuphepha njengezimoto zikaphethiloli futhi zinganikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe, njengengozi ephansi yama-rollovers kanye nezinto ezithuthukile zokuphepha njengokuzenzakalelayo okuphuthumayo okufana ne-othomathikhi ephuthumayo. I-EVS imvamisa iphephe ezimweni zokuphahlazeka ngenxa yedizayini yazo nokubekwa kwebhethri.

Q: Ngabe amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi abamba umlilo kalula engozini?

A: I-EVS inengozi ephansi yomlilo uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi. Ngenkathi amabhethri e-lithium-ion angabamba umlilo, isilinganiso sezehlakalo cishe singama-25 imililo ngezimoto eziyi-100 000 ze-EVS, uma kuqhathaniswa nemililo eyi-1,530 yezimoto zegesi. Imiklamo yebhethri ye-EV ifaka amasistimu wokupholisa kanye nokuvikela okuvikelayo ukuvikela imililo.

Q: Isikhungo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi sithuthukisa kanjani ukuphepha ezimotweni zikagesi?

A: Ukubekwa kwebhethri ezansi kwe-EVS kwehlisa isikhungo sokudonsela phansi, ukwenza ngcono ukuqina kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi be-rollovers. Lo mklamo unikeza ukuphendula okungcono nokulawula okungcono, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokujika okubukhali, kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi eziphakeme ezigxile kakhulu.

Q: Ngabe ukuthula kwezimoto zikagesi kuba nengozi yokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo?

A: Ukusebenza okuthule kwe-EVS ngesivinini esiphansi kungabeka ubungozi kubahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisekili. Ukubhekana nalokhu, imithethonqubo idinga u-Evs ukuthi akhiphe umsindo ongaphansi kwama-20 mph, aqinisekise abahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisekili bayakwazi ukuba khona kwabo kanye nokunciphisa izingozi.

Q: Ingabe kukhona okuphathelene nokuphepha kwesikhathi eside ngamabhethri ezimoto zikagesi?

A: Amabhethri e-EV enzelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ngesilinganiso sokuhluleka okuphansi. Iningi lamabhethri e-EV ligcina isikhathi sokuphila kwemoto, futhi ukushintshwa kwebhethri kuvame ukumbozwa ngamawaranti. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwesikhathi eside ukuphepha kwabashayeli nabagibeli.