Yikuphi okungcono ngemvelo: izimoto zikagesi noma izimoto zikagesi?

Impikiswano phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi nezimoto ezinamandla kagesi ziyafudumeza. Ngokukhathazeka okukhuphukayo kwezemvelo nobuchwepheshe obusha, abaningi bayabuza: okungcono? 

Njengoba izimoto zikagesi zithandwa kakhulu, ziphonsela inselelo izimoto zegesi yendabuko ngokuya ngokusebenza, izindleko, nokusimama. 

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukungezwani okusemqoka, izinzuzo nokubi ngakunye, futhi kukusize unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela elungele wena.

Yini izimoto zikagesi nezimoto zikagesi?

Izimoto zikagesi: Izincazelo nezinhlobo

Izimoto zikagesi , ezaziwa nangokuthi yi-EVS (izimoto zikagesi), zisebenza ngogesi ezigcinwe kumabhethri. Ngokungafani nezimoto zendabuko, azidingi uphethiloli ukuze anikeze amandla injini.

• Izimoto zikagesi zebhethri (i-BEVS): Lezi ngogesi ngokuphelele futhi zincike kuphela kumabhethri awe amandla.

• Ama-plug-in hybrid kagesi (ama-Phev): Basebenzisa i-betrine yebhethri nenjini kaphethiloli, enikeza ukuguquguquka kokushayela kukagesi kanye nenketho yokusebenzisa igesi ngohambo olude.

• Ama-Fuel cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVS): Lokhu akhiqize ugesi kusetshenziswa amaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen, akhipha kuphela umphunga wamanzi njengokuphuma.

Izimoto zegesi: Izincazelo nezinhlobo

Izimoto zegesi, noma izimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli, sebenzisa injini yokuhlanganisa yangaphakathi (iqhwa) ukushisa uphethiloli noma udizili. Lokhu kuthambisa injini, kunikeza amandla okuhambisa imoto.

• Izimoto zendabuko zangaphakathi zokuhlanza izingane: Lezi zimoto zincike kuphela kuphethiloli noma udizili.

• Izimoto ze-Hybrid kaphethiloli: Lokhu kuhlanganisa injini encane kaphethiloli ene-motor kagesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamafutha kepha kuncike kuphethiloli.

Umehluko osemqoka phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi negesi

Umthombo wamandla

• Izimoto zikagesi: Thola amandla kusuka kumabhethri akhokhiswe yi-plugging emithonjeni kagesi.

• Izimoto zegesi: Sebenzisa uphethiloli noma udizili njengomthombo wawo wamandla.

Uhlelo lwe-PowerTrain

• Izimoto zikagesi: Inikwe amandla yi-Electric Motors nephakethe lebhethri. Azidingi ibhokisi lamagiya noma amasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi wemishini.

• Izimoto zegesi: Inikwe amandla yinjini yokuhlanganisa yangaphakathi, edinga izakhi ezifana nohlelo lokuhambisa kanye nohlelo lokuqeda amandla.

Indlela Yokukhulisa

• Izimoto zikagesi: zikhokhiswa ngokuphuma kukagesi noma esiteshini sokushaja komphakathi. Ukushaja kungathatha isikhathi eside, kuya ngomthombo wamandla.

• Izimoto zegesi: Kuvuselelwa eziteshini zikaphethiloli, ezithatha imizuzu embalwa nje.

Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zisebenza kanjani vs izimoto zegesi?

Izimoto zemoto kagesi

Izimoto zikagesi zinikwa amandla ngogesi ezigcinwe kumabhethri abo. Nakhu ukuthi basebenza kanjani:

• Ibhethri: Igcina ugesi, inika amandla imoto.

• IMoto: Iguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla okuhambisa imoto.

• Uhlelo lokushaja: Kusetshenziselwa ukushaja ibhethri, ngokuvamile ngokuphuma kukagesi noma esiteshini sokushaja komphakathi.

• Imoto kagesi ikhiqiza kanjani amandla: Ibhethri ligcina amandla, futhi imoto isebenzisa la mandla ukuhambisa imoto. Uhlelo lwekhompyutha lwemoto lulawula ukuhamba kukagesi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenzayo. Ngokungafani nezinjini zegesi, ukuhamba kukagesi kungaletha amandla ngokushesha, ukuhlinzeka ngokusheshisa okusheshayo.

Mechanics wemoto yegesi

Izimoto zegesi zisebenzisa izinjini zangaphakathi zokuhlanganisa (iqhwa) ukuze zigijime. Lezi zinjini zishisa uphethiloli ukuze zikhiqize amandla ashukumisela imoto.

• Injini: ishisa uphethiloli ukukhiqiza amandla.

• Ithangi likaphethiloli: Igcina uphethiloli ukondla injini.

• Ukudlulisela: kusiza ukudlulisa amandla kusuka enjini kuya emasondweni.

• Uhlelo lokuphekela phansi: izihlungi futhi zixoshe amagesi akhiqizwa yinqubo yokuhlanganisa.

• INDLELA I-PERS Car ikhiqiza amandla: Injini ishisa uphethiloli ngaphakathi kwama-cylinder. Lokhu kuhlangana kukhiqiza ukushisa nengcindezi, edonsa ama-pistons aguqula i-crankshaft. Lesi simo sokunyakaza sidluliselwa emasondweni ngokudluliselwa.

Ukuguqulwa kwamandla nokusebenza kahle

• Izimoto zikagesi:

• Ama-motor kagesi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Cishe wonke ugesi ebhethri uguqulwa waba ukunyakaza, ngokulahleka kwamandla okuncane.

• Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kusiza ukubuyisa amanye amandla asetshenzisiwe ngenkathi wehlisa ijubane, ukubekezelela emuva ebhethri.

• Izimoto zegesi:

• Izinjini zokuhlanganisa zangaphakathi zisebenza kahle, njengoba inani elikhulu lamandla lilahlekile njengokushisa ngesikhathi senqubo evuthayo.

• Izinjini zikaphethiloli ziphinde zichithe amandla lapho zisebenza noma zisebenza ngejubane eliphansi, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwamafutha.

Yini umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi nezimoto zegesi?

Design and sakhiwo

Izimoto zikagesi negesi zinemiklamo ehlukile ethinta ukusebenza kwazo kanye nokuzizwa ngokuphelele.

• Umklamo Womzimba:

• Izimoto zikagesi: zivame ukucacisa ukwakheka okuhlelwe ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yokuntuleka kwenjini enkulu. Ukubekwa kwephakethe lebhethri kuthinta ukwakheka nokwabiwa kwesisindo.

• Izimoto zegesi: Yiba negumbi elikhudlwana le-Injini ukuze uhlangane nenjini yokuhlanganisa yangaphakathi (i-ICE) kanye nezinto ezihambisana nazo njengohlelo lokuqeda amandla nokudlulisela.

• Ukubekwa kwenjini ne-chassis :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Imoto incane futhi ngokujwayelekile ibekwe kwi-axle noma ihlanganiswe namasondo, ukonga isikhala nokunciphisa isisindo semoto.

• Izimoto zegesi: Injini itholakala ngaphambili, futhi i-chassis kumele isekele izakhi zenjini.

• I- Aerodynamics :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ngokuvamile i-aerodynamic ngenxa yedizayini yazo ebushelelezi. Ukungabikho kwebhulokhi yenjini kanye namapayipi okuphekelayo kunciphisa ukumelana komoya.

• Izimoto zegesi: Yiba nezingxenye eziningi ezinamathela ngaphandle, njengama-grilles namapayipi okuphelelwa amandla, okungadala ukuhudula okuningi futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle.

Isipiliyoni sokushayela

Isipiliyoni sokushayela sihluka kakhulu phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi negesi.

• Ukushesha :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Hambisa ukubonga kwe-torque ngokushesha kwemoto kagesi, okuvumela ukusheshisa okusheshayo kusuka endaweni yokuma.

• Izimoto zegesi: dinga injini ukufinyelela i-RPM ethile ngaphambi kokunikeza i-torque ephezulu, okwenza ukushesha kuhambe kancane kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikagesi.

• Ukuphatha nokuqondisa :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukubekwa kwebhethri kwephakethe kwebhethri kwehlisa isikhungo semoto ngamandla adonsela phansi, ngcono ukuqina nokuphatha, ikakhulukazi.

• Izimoto zegesi: Injini nezinye izingxenye zinomthelela esikhungweni esiphakeme samandla adonsela phansi, okwenza imoto izizwe intshiseko ebukhali noma ngejubane eliphakeme.

Ukukhulisa: ukushaja vs. refuel

Ukushaja imoto kagesi nokukhulisa imoto igesi kuyizinqubo ezimbili ezihlukile kakhulu.

• Isikhathi sokushaja sezimoto zikagesi vs Refueling :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukushaja i-EV kungathatha amahora amaningi lapho usebenzisa ishaja ejwayelekile yasekhaya, kepha iziteshi zokushaja okusheshayo zinganciphisa lesi sikhathi kuze kube yihora.

• Izimoto zegesi: Ukuvuselela kuthatha imizuzu embalwa esiteshini segesi, okwenza kube masisha futhi kube lula kakhudlwana ohambweni olude.

• Ukutholakala kwesiteshi sokushaja kwe-EVS vs iziteshi zegesi zezimoto zegesi :

• Izimoto zikagesi: Iziteshi zokushaja zikhula ngenombolo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Kodwa-ke, namanje asamele kakhulu kuneziteshi zegesi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya.

• Izimoto zikaphethiloli: Iziteshi zegesi ziningi, okwenza kube lula ukufudumeza nomaphi lapho uya khona, ngisho nasendleleni ende yemigwaqo.

Yikuphi okungcono ngemvelo: izimoto zikagesi noma izimoto zikagesi?

Umthelela wezemvelo wezimoto zikagesi

Izimoto zikagesi zithathwa njengezinokwenzeka zemvelo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwazo kokukhishwa kwe-tailpipe.

• I-Zero Tailpipe Emissions: Ngokungafani nezimoto zegesi, i-EVS ikhiqiza awekho amagesi ayingozi afana ne-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-nitrogen oxides (nox), noma iNox), noma iNox) Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umnikelo wabo ekungcoleni komoya.

• Igalelo lokuhlanza umoya kanye nokunciphisa amagesi abamba ukushisa: ngokukhipha i-pollants, izimoto zikagesi zithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya ezindaweni zasemadolobheni futhi zinciphise i-footprint ephelele yekhabhoni. Njengoba ngaphezulu i-EVS esikhundleni sezimoto zegesi, amadolobha angabona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngekhwalithi yomoya.

• I-EVS ithinta kanjani igridi kagesi nemithombo yamandla: Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezimoto zikagesi kubeka ukufunwa okwengeziwe kugridi kagesi. Lokhu kungaba inselelo nethuba. Uma ugesi uvela emithonjeni evuselelekayo, i-EVS ingaba luhlaza. Kodwa-ke, uma amandla eqhamuka emalahle noma kweminye imithombo engavuselelwa, izinzuzo zabo zemvelo ziyancishiswa.

Umthelela wezemvelo wezimoto zegesi

Izimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli zibamba iqhaza elikhulu ekungcoleni kwemvelo.

• Ukungcoliswa komoya: Izimoto zegesi zikhipha amanani amakhulu e-CO2, i-Nox, nezinkinga zokubandakanya. Lokhu kungcola kufaka ku-smog, ikhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle, kanye nezinkinga zokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.

• Ukunikela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu kanye ne-Urban Smog: Ukushiswa kukaphethiloli kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kusuka ezimotweni zezimoto zikaphethiloli ukushisa emkhathini, okuholela ekufudumaleni komhlaba. Ngokwengeziwe, i-nitrogen oxides (nox) kusuka ekuqothulweni ifaka isandla e-Urbal Smog, ithinta impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo.

Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zihlala isikhathi eside ngokwengeziwe?

Ngenkathi izimoto zikagesi zivame ukubonwa njengokukhetha okuzinzile, kunezici ezithile zemvelo okufanele zicatshangelwe.

• Ukukhishwa kokukhishwa kwezimoto zikagesi: ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikagesi, ikakhulukazi amabhethri, adinga amandla aphezulu. Izimayini ze-lithium, i-cobalt, nezinye izinto zamabhethri e-eV nazo zingaholela ekulimaleni kwemvelo uma kungenziwa ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kukhishwa kokukhiqiza kungaphezulu kunaleyo yezimoto zegesi, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho kukhiqizwa khona ugesi kusuka kumafutha e-fossil.

• Ukulahlwa kwebhethri nokuphinda usebenzise Ngenkathi eminye imizamo yenziwa ukuthuthukisa ukuphinda kabusha kwebhethri, ukulahlwa okungafanele kungaholela ekulimaleni kwemvelo.

• Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla okuvuselelekayo ne-EVS: EVS kuningi okuluhlaza lapho kubhangqwa ngemithombo yamandla evuselelekayo efana nelanga noma umoya. Uma abanini beminyango besebenzisa amandla elanga ukukhokhisa i-EV yabo, banganciphisa kakhulu umthelela wezemvelo. Ukushintshwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kungenza izimoto zikagesi zigcineke kakhulu, zisiza ukufeza ikusasa le-zero-empission.

Uyini umehluko wezindleko phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi nezimoto zegesi?

Izindleko eziphambili

Intengo yokuqala yezimoto zikagesi ingaba ngaphezulu kwezimoto zikaphethiloli, kepha kunezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe.

• Intengo ephakathi kagesi vs izimoto zikagesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ngokuvamile, i-EVS ibiza kakhulu ngaphambili. Izindleko zebhethri zinomthelela omkhulu kuleli ntengo ephakeme.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izimoto ezinamandla kagesi zivame ukushibhile ngenxa yezobuchwepheshe bezilula zabo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesisindo.

• Yiziphi izinto ezithinta umehluko wentengo? Izimoto zegesi zivame ukungabizi ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo okuyinkimbinkimbi.

• Izikhuthazo zikahulumeni kanye nezaphulelo zezimoto zikagesi: ukukhuthaza ukutholwa, ohulumeni abaningi banikeza izaphulelo kanye nezinkuthazo zentela zabathengi bezimoto zikagesi. Lokhu kunganciphisa izindleko eziphambili ze-eV ngokubabazekayo, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemuva kokuthenga.

Izindleko Zokugula: Electric Vs. Igesi

Izindleko eziqhubekayo zokukhulisa imoto yakho kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele uyicabangele.

• Izindleko zokukhokhisa imoto kagesi i-vs evusa imoto kaphethiloli:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukushaja i-EV ngokuvamile kushibhile kunokugcwalisa ithangi legesi. Izindleko ngehora le-Kilowatt-HOR (KWH) kagesi ziphansi kunentengo kaphethiloli ezifundeni eziningi.

• Izimoto zegesi: Ukuvuselela imoto kaphethiloli kubiza kakhulu imayela ngalinye ngokuqhathaniswa nogesi. Amanani kaphethiloli aguquguqukayo, kepha athambekele ekubizeni kakhulu kunezindleko zikagesi.

• Kukangaki abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi? Imvamisa yokushaja incike emikhubeni yokushayela, kepha ngebhethri eligcwele, imoto kagesi ingahlala amakhilomitha amaningi ngaphambi kokudinga kabusha kabusha.

• I-PRICE FFRECAL yokushintshana Kagesi Izindleko zikagesi Dynamics: Amanani kaphethiloli athambekele ekuguqukiseni okuningi ngenxa yezinto ze-geopolitical kanye nezimo zemakethe, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa imithombo evuselelekayo efana nelanga.

Izindleko zokulungiswa: okushibhile ukulondolozwa?

I-EVS ngokuvamile inezindleko eziphansi zokulungiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi.

• Ukuqhathaniswa kwezindleko zesikhathi eside:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Izingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo zisho ukugqoka okuncane nokudabula. Lokhu kuhumusha ukulungiswa okumbalwa kanye nesidingo esiphansi sokufakwa esikhundleni.

• Izimoto zegesi: Lokhu kudinga ukulungiswa okujwayelekile, kufaka phakathi nezinguquko zikawoyela, umsebenzi wokuhambisa, kanye nokulungiswa kohlelo lokukhipha, okungangeza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• Izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri ze-EVS vs. Ukulungiswa kwenjini yezimoto zegesi: Amabhethri e-EVS angadinga ukushintshwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-8-10, abike amadola ayizinkulungwane eziningana. Kodwa-ke, izimoto zegesi zinokulungiswa kwenjini nokubuyiselwa kwengxenye engabizi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• Eminye imisebenzi ejwayelekile yokulungiswa (isib I-EVS ibuye isebenzise i-braking evuselelekayo, enciphisa ukugqoka emaphepheni okubopha uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi.

Ukwehla: Yikuphi imoto ebamba inani layo kangcono?

Ukwehla kuthinta izindleko zesikhathi eside zobunikazi.

• Amanani entengo kagesi kagesi vs izimoto zegesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS ngokuvamile yehla ngokushesha kunezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthuka ngokushesha nokukhathazeka ngempilo yebhethri.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izimoto zegesi zivame ukubamba inani lazo kangcono ngoba zamukelwa kabanzi futhi zinezindleko eziphansi zokuqala.

• Izici ezithonya inani lokuthengiswa kwe-EVS vs Cars:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukuphila kwebhethri kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli amasha kunganciphisa inani lokuthengiswa kwemali endala ye-exs yakudala.

• Izimoto zegesi: Lezi zimoto ngokuvamile zinamanani ashutsheka ezinzile, ikakhulukazi amamodeli anesidingo esiphakeme njengamaloli nama-sedi.

Izinzuzo zezezimali zesikhathi eside

Izimoto zikagesi zinganikeza ukonga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, naphezu kwentengo ephakeme yokuqala.

• Izindleko zokonga ekukhuleni nasekugcinweni: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imali okonga uphethiloli kanye nokulondolozwa okuncishisiwe kungenza i-EVS eshibhile ukuba ibe neyakho uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi.

• Izindleko eziphelele ze-EVS 'zobunikazi ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-5 ukuya kwengama-10: Izifundo zikhombisa lokho, esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-5 ukuya kwezi-5, izimoto zikagesi zingasindisa izinkulungwane zamaRandi ngophethiloli nokulungiswa, yize izindleko zazo zokuqala ziphakeme.

Izimoto zikagesi zingabiza phambili ngaphezulu, kepha ngesikhathi eside, ukusebenza kwazo kaphethiloli nezindleko zokulungiswa okuphansi kungakusindisa imali.

Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zigcina isikhathi esingakanani uma ziqhathaniswa nezimoto zikaphethiloli?

Isikhathi sokuphila sezimoto zikagesi

Izimoto zikagesi zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo, kepha impilo yazo kuncike kakhulu ebhethri.

• I-Battery LifesPan nokuthi kwenzekani lapho iyehla Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthamo webhethri uyancipha, wehlisa uhla lwemoto. Lapho iyehla, ibhethri lingadinga ukushintshwa, okungabiza kakhulu.

• Imayela elindelekile nokuqina kwezimoto zikagesi: Izimoto eziningi zikagesi zingahlala kahle ngaphezu kwamamayela ayi-100,000, futhi abaningi bayakwazi ukufinyelela amakhilomitha angaba ngu-200,000 noma ngaphezulu uma begcinwe kahle. Ukuqina kwe-EV kuncike empilweni yebhethri nokuthi imoto iqhutshwa kanjani futhi ikhokhiswa.

Isikhathi sokuphila sezimoto zegesi

Izimoto zegesi zinephethini lokugcina elihlukile kanye nesikhathi sokuphila ngokuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikagesi.

• Injini yokuphila isikhathi eside, uhlelo lwamafutha, kanye nesikhathi sokuphila esiqeda amandla: Injini yemoto egcinwe kahle ingahlala amakhilomitha ayi-150,000 kuya kwangama-200,000. Uhlelo lwamafutha kanye nohlelo lokukhipha futhi lube nokuphila okubalulekile kepha lungadinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa lapho kufanele ukugqoke nokudabula.

• Ukuqhathanisa impilo yenjini vs. motor impilo ku-EVS: Ama-motor kagesi alula kunenjini yokuhlangana yangaphakathi futhi abe nezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, bavame ukuhlala isikhathi eside, imvamisa amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-200,000, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini zegesi ezingadinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe.

Yikuphi imoto ehlala isikhathi eside ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Uma uqhathanisa ukuqina, izimoto zikagesi zivame ukuba nomkhawulo. Ama-motor kagesi e-EVS anezingxenye ezimbalwa ezingaguga, futhi isidingo sokulungiswa okujwayelekile siphansi kakhulu kunasemotweni kaphethiloli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi igesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, dinga ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kwenjini, njengokushintsha kwamafutha, ukuphetha ngaphandle komsebenzi, nomsebenzi wokuhambisa, ongathinta ukuqina kwawo kwesikhathi eside.

Izimoto zikagesi zingadinga ukushintshwa kwebhethri ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi, kepha zinezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo kanye nobuchwepheshe obulula, bavame ukukhipha izimoto ezinamandla kagesi ngesikhathi eside.

Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zisebenza kanjani ngokuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikaphethiloli?

Izici zokusebenza

• I-Torque nokusheshisa ku-EVS vs Cars kagesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS zinikeza i-torque esheshayo, okusho ukuthi zingasheshisa ngokushesha esitobhini. Lokhu kubanikeza umphetho ngokusheshisa, ukushesha okusheshayo.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izinjini zegesi zithatha isikhathi ukwakha i-RPM (izinguquko ngomzuzu) ngaphambi kokuletha i-torque ephezulu, okwenza ukushesha kancane kancane kuqhathaniswa ne-EVS.

• Ijubane eliphezulu nokuphatha:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ngenkathi i-EVS kungenzeka ingahambelani njalo ngejubane eliphezulu lezimoto eziphezulu zegesi, zisebenza kahle ngejubane eliphansi. Isikhungo sabo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi, ngenxa yokubekwa kwebhethri, kubenza bazinze ngokwengeziwe futhi kube ngcono emakhoneni.

• Izimoto zegesi: Ngokuvamile izimoto zikaphethiloli zinesivinini esiphezulu esiphezulu, ikakhulukazi izimoto zemidlalo. Kodwa-ke, bavame ukuzinza ngaphansi kokujika okuqinile ngenxa yesikhungo sabo esiphakeme samandla adonsela phansi.

Isipiliyoni sokushayela

• Umsindo nenduduzo: Ukugibela okuthule kwe-EVS vs. Umsindo ovela ezinjini zegesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS ithule ngoba ayinayo injini yangaphakathi yokuhlanganisa. Lokhu kuphumela ekuhambeni okubushelelezi, okuphumuzayo okuphumuzayo ngaphandle komsindo ogqamile evamile ezimotweni zegesi.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izinjini zegesi zidala umsindo, ikakhulukazi lapho zisheshisa. Kwabashayeli abaningi, lo msindo wenjini unezela injabulo yesipiliyoni sokushayela, kepha kungahle kube ntofontofo phakathi nokugibela okude.

• Ukubusheleleka kokugibela kanye namandla asheshayo wezimoto zikagesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ikhono lemoto kagesi lokuhlinzeka ngamandla abushelelezi nalo manjalo linikeza i-EVS umphetho ekushayeleni idolobha nasekuhambeni kwezimoto. Asikho isidingo sokushintsha kwamagiya noma ukulinda injini ukuze ibuye.

• Izimoto zegesi: Ngenkathi izimoto zikagesi zingabushelelezi, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esiphakeme, zidinga amashifu egiya kanye nesenzo esithe xaxa, esingaphazamisa umuzwa wokusheshisa kwezimo ezithile.

Isivinini nobubanzi

Ngenkathi ukusebenza kubalulekile, ngakho-ke uhla lwemoto futhi lushesha kangakanani lungathola khona ngejubane eliphakeme.

• Ukusheshiswa kwezimoto kagesi kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi zendabuko: Izimoto zikagesi zaziwa ngokusheshisa kwazo okusheshayo. Ezinye ze-EVS ezisebenza kahle zingahamba zisuka ku-0 ziye ku-60 mph ngokushesha kunezimoto zemidlalo ezinamagesi amaningi, ngenxa ye-torque esheshayo.

• Uhla nge-vs mileage yegesi:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ububanzi be-EV buxhomekeke ngebhethri layo. Izimoto eziningi zikagesi zingahamba phakathi kwamamayela ayi-150 kuya kwangama-370 ngakunye okugcwele, yize amamodeli we-premium angadlula lokhu.

• Izimoto zikaphethiloli: Izimoto zikagesi zivame ukuhlinzeka ibanga elide lokushayela, lifinyelela kumamayela angama-300 kuye kwangama-400 ethangini eligcwele legesi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhulisa njalo kungaphazamiseka phakathi nohambo olude, ngokungafani no-EVS okudingeka lukhokhiswe.

Zombili lezi zimoto zikagesi negesi zinikeza ukusebenza okunamandla, kepha isipiliyoni sokushayela, ukushesha, kanye nobubanzi kungahluka ngokuya ngemoto nokusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlosiwe.

Yiziphi izinzuzo nokubi kwezimoto zikagesi vs. gesi izimoto zegesi?

Izimoto zikagesi: Izinzuzo

Izimoto zikagesi (EVS) zinikeza izinzuzo eziningana, zibenze inketho ekhanga abashayeli abaningi.

• Ukukhishwa kwe-zero: I-EVS ikhiqiza ukuphuma kwe-tailpipe, okusiza ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya kanye namagesi abamba ukushisa.

• Izindleko eziphansi zikaphethiloli: Ukushaja imoto kagesi ngokuvamile kushibhile kunokugcwalisa ithangi legesi. Ugesi uvame ukubiza kakhulu kune-petroline, ukunciphisa izindleko zokuvuselela isikhathi eside.

• Zimbalwa izingxenye ezinyakazayo kanye nokulungiswa okuphansi: izimoto zikagesi zinezingxenye ezimbalwa ezenziwe ngomshini uma ziqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi. Lokhu kuphumela ekugqokeni okuncane kanye nezinyembezi nezindleko zokulungiswa okuphansi.

• Ukusebenza okuthule kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okubushelelezi kokushayela: I-EVS ithule kakhulu, idale indawo yokushayela enokuthula. Baphinde banikeze ngokushelela, ukushesha ngokushesha ngaphandle kwamagiya okuguqukayo.

Izimoto zikagesi: Cons

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zabo eziningi, i-EVS iza nezingqinamba ezimbalwa.

• Izindleko eziphakeme eziphezulu: Izimoto zikagesi zivame ukubiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bebhethri obubizayo. Kodwa-ke, izisusa kanye nezaphulelo zingasiza ukunciphisa izindleko.

• Ububanzi obukhawulelwe (uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi): Ngenkathi amabanga e-EV athuthukile, izimoto eziningi zikagesi zisenebanga elifushane uma liqhathaniswa nezimoto zegesi, ngokukhawulela ukuhamba ibanga elide.

• Izingqinamba Zengqalasizinda Zokushaja: Iziteshi zokushaja zingakhawulelwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ezingakhiqizwanga, okwenza uhambo olude lunzima.

• Izikhathi ezinde zokufufula: Ukushaja imoto kagesi kungathatha amahora amaningi, kanti ukukhuphula kabusha imoto kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.

Izimoto zegesi: Izinzuzo

Izimoto ezinamandla kagesi sekuyisikhathi eside ziyindlela yokufunda yabashayeli abaningi ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo.

• Ibanga elikhudlwana ithangi ngalinye legesi

• Iziteshi zokukhulisa kabusha ezitholakalayo: Iziteshi zegesi zitholakala kabanzi, okwenza kube lula ukuphinda usebenzise noma kuphi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

• Izindleko zokuthenga eziphansi zokuqala

• Ukuthembela nokujwayelanisa: Izimoto zegesi ziye zazungeza amashumi eminyaka futhi zaziwa kakhulu ngokwethenjwa. Iningi lemishini eminingi inolwazi ngokuzikhandla.

Izimoto zegesi: Cons

Ngenkathi izimoto zikagesi zinikeza izinzuzo ezithile, ziza nezinsizwa ezimbalwa.

• Izindleko eziphakeme zikaphethiloli isikhathi eside kanye nezimoto zegesi ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu ngophethiloli futhi zigcine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesidingo sezinguquko ezijwayelekile kawoyela nokulungiswa kwenjini.

• Umthelela wezemvelo kusuka ekuphumeni: Izimoto ezinamandla kagesi zikhipha amagesi ayingozi njenge-CO2, zinikela ekungcoleni komoya, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, kanye nezinkinga zempilo.

• Umsindo nokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza: Izinjini zegesi zikhiqiza umsindo nokudlidliza, okungenza ukugibela kube ntofontofo kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikagesi.

Zombili izimoto zikagesi negesi zinamandla nobuthakathaka babo. Ukukhetha kuvame ukuncika ezidingweni zakho zokushayela, isabelomali, kanye nezinto eziza kuqala emvelweni.

Ingabe kulula kakhulu ukuba nemoto kagesi noma imoto yegesi?

Ukushaja vs. Refuel

Omunye womehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi negesi yindlela anikwa amandla ngayo.

• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhokhisa vs. gcwalisa:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukushaja kungathatha amahora amaningi uma usebenzisa indawo yokuhlala ekhaya. Amashaja asheshayo anganciphisa isikhathi esingamaminithi angama-30-60. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusekude kakhulu kunokukhuthaza imoto yegesi.

• Izimoto zikaphethiloli: ukukhuthaza ukushesha kuyashesha, kuthatha imizuzu emi-5 eziteshini eziningi zegesi. Kuyinqubo esheshayo futhi elula kakhulu kunokushaja imoto kagesi.

• Ukutholakala kweziteshi zokushaja vs.

• Izimoto zikagesi: Iziteshi zokushaja ziyanda, kepha azikabi njengeziteshi zegesi. Ukuthola umuntu kungaba yinselele ezindaweni ezikude.

• Izimoto zikaphethiloli: Iziteshi zegesi zicishe zibe khona yonke indawo, zenze ukufukula kube lula futhi kusheshe, noma ngabe ukuphi.

Uhambo lomgwaqo: Igesi kagesi kagesi

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhamba ibanga elide, izimoto zegesi zinezinzuzo ezithile, kepha ama-EVS ayathuthuka.

• Ngabe i-EVS ilungele ukuhamba ibanga elide?:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ngenkathi i-EVS ingaphatha uhambo olude, ibanga lingakhawulelwa ngokuya ngemodeli. Ukuhlela kokumashaja kungangeza isikhathi esengeziwe ohambweni lwakho.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izimoto zegesi zilula kakhudlwana ohambweni olude ngenxa yobanga lwazo olude ngenxa nobuningi beziteshi zegesi emigwaqweni emikhulu.

• Iziteshi zokushaja zingathinta kanjani uhambo lomgwaqo:

• Izimoto zikagesi: Iziteshi zokushaja zivame kakhulu kuneziteshi zegesi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ezikude. Abanini bama-EV badinga ukuhlela kahle imizila yabo ngokucophelela futhi bacabangele ukushaja izikhathi zokushaja.

• Izimoto zikaphethiloli: Iziteshi zegesi ziningi, zivumela ukukhulisa kalula ngaphandle kokuhlelela okuningi. Lokhu kwenza izimoto zegesi zibe ukukhetha okungcono kohambo lomgwaqo oluzenzakalelayo.

Ukuhamba nsuku zonke: I-EVS kuzilungiselelo zasemadolobheni

Izimoto zikagesi zidlula ekushayweni kwedolobha ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okusebenzayo nokusebenza okuthule.

• Ingabe i-EVS ilungele ukushayela idolobha?

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS ilungele izindawo zasemadolobheni lapho kuvame khona uhambo olufushane. Ama-motors abo amancane nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kubenza babe fanelekile ukuthola ithrafikhi yokuma nokuya.

• I-EVS isebenza kanjani ekuphumeni nasekuhambeni traffic:

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS zilungele ukuhamba kwedolobha selokhu zinikeza i-torque esheshayo, okusho ukuthi zisheshisa kahle futhi zisheshe zivela esitobhini. Lokhu kwenza ukushayela kuthrafikhi esindayo esebenza kahle futhi kukhululeke.

Izimoto zikagesi zingaba ukukhetha okulula edolobheni ngenxa yokulungiswa kwazo okuphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle ezimweni zokumisa nokuhamba. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba ibanga elide noma lapho ukukhuthaza lula kuyinto eza kuqala, izimoto zegesi zisenesandla esiphezulu.

Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zinolwazi olungcono lokushayela kunezimoto zegesi?

I-torque esheshayo nokusheshisa

Izimoto zikagesi (EVS) zinikeza inzuzo eyingqayizivele ngokusheshisa ngokuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezinamandla kagesi.

• Izimoto zikagesi: I-EVS iletha i-torque esheshayo, okusho ukuthi umzuzu ucindezela i-accelerator, imoto ihamba. Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokusheshisa okubushelelezi nokusheshayo kusuka esitobhini.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izinjini zegesi zidinga ukubuyela emuva ngejubane elithile ngaphambi kokufinyelela i-torque yazo ephelele, ngakho-ke ukushesha kuyaqhathaniswa ngokuqhathaniswa.

Amazinga omsindo

Umsindo wemoto yakho udlala indima enkulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kokushayela.

• Izimoto zikagesi: EVS zithule ngendlela emangalisayo. Awukho umsindo wenjini, ngakho-ke ukugibela uzizwa enokuthula futhi ubushelelezi, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni emikhulu.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izinjini zegesi zikhiqiza umsindo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusheshisa. Ngenkathi abanye abashayeli bejabulela umsindo, ingaphazamisa izimo ezithile zokushayela.

Ukuphatha Nokusebenza

Indlela imoto ephatha ngayo umgwaqo ithinta kakhulu ukuthi kujabulisa kanjani ukushayela.

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ngenxa yokubekwa kwephakethe lebhethri elisindayo ezansi kwemoto, i-EVS inesikhungo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuqina, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlangana khona, kubenza baphathe kangcono kunezimoto eziningi zegesi.

• Izimoto zikagesi: Ukulethwa kwamandla okubushelelezi, okungaguquguquki kwe-EVS kudala ukugibela okubushelelezi, ikakhulukazi ngejubane eliphansi. Akukho ukuguquka kwamagiya noma ukuvuselelwa kwenjini, okwenza isipiliyoni sokushayela esingenamthungo.

• Izimoto zegesi: Izimoto ezinamandla kagesi zivame ukuzizwa zibushelelezi ngenxa yama-tures shifts, ikakhulukazi ekuphumeni kwethrafikhi. Ukulethwa kwamandla kagesi akuhambelani njengemoto kagesi.

Izimoto zikagesi zinikeza ukugibela okuthule, okubushelelezi ngokusheshisa okusheshayo nokuphathwa kangcono. Kulabo abafuna okuhlangenwe nakho okunethezekile, okusebenzayo kokushayela, i-EVS imvamisa ihlala ibheka abalingani babo begesi.

Yiziphi izindlela zesikhathi esizayo zezimoto zikagesi vs izimoto zegesi?

Ukukhula kwemakethe ye-EV

Imakethe kagesi (ev) ikhula ngokushesha futhi kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke yanda.

• Njengoba ukukhathazeka ngokunyuka kwesimo sezulu, kwamukela izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi. Ama-automokers amaningi agxila ku-EVS, futhi ukuthengisa kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

• Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri buthuthuka, okwenza i-EVS isebenza kahle futhi ishibhile. Ukusungulwa okusha okufana namabhethri e-solid-State athembisa ukukhulisa amandla wamandla, kunciphise izikhathi zokushaja, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza.

• Inani leziteshi zokushaja likhula emhlabeni jikelele, okwenza kube lula ukuthi abanikazi be-EV bakhokhisa izimoto zabo. Amanethiwekhi asheshe ukushaja ayanda, ukunciphisa isikhathi esithathayo ukukhokhisa imoto kagesi nokwenza ukuhamba ibanga elide kube lula.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezobuchwepheshe

Ubuchwepheshe budlala indima enkulu ngokuzayo kwezimoto zombili zikagesi negesi.

• Ubuchwepheshe bokuzishayela ubuchwepheshe buhlanganiswa kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi. Ngezingxenye ezimbalwa zemishini, ama-EVS kulula ukuzivumelanisa nezindlela zokushayela ezizimele. Lokhu kungenza i-EVS ikhange ngokwengeziwe ngokuzayo.

• Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-EV buthuthuka futhi ezomnotho zesilinganiso zizodlalwa, izindleko zezimoto zikagesi zizoqhubeka zinciphe. Esikhathini esizayo, kungenzeka ukuthi i-EVS izomane ifinyeleleke njengezimoto zegesi yendabuko, ibenza bafinyeleleke kalula kubabukeli abanzi.

Imithetho kaHulumeni

Izinqubomgomo nemigomo kahulumeni zizobumba ikusasa lezimoto zombili zegesi negesi.

• Ohulumeni abaningi babeka amazinga aqinile okuphuma kokuphuma futhi baphoqelele ukuguqulwa kwezimoto zokuhlanza. Lezi zinqubomgomo kulindeleke ukuthi zisheshise ukushintshwa kusuka ezimotweni zikagesi kuya ezimotweni zikagesi.

• Amanye amazwe asevele asethe izinsuku zokuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zegesi. Njengoba le mbukiso, isidingo sezimoto zikagesi kungenzeka sisebenze, kuyilapho imakethe yemoto yegesi ingabona ukwehla okubucayi.

Ikusasa lomkhakha wezimoto liqhubekela ezimotweni zikagesi, eziqhutshwa yintuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, kanye nesidingo somthengi esikhulayo. Izimoto zegesi zingagcina zithathe indawo engemuva njengoba izimoto zikagesi ziba yinto evamile.

Ukugcina

Lapho ukhetha phakathi Izimoto zikagesi negesi , cabanga ngezindleko, ukusebenza, umthelela wezemvelo, kanye nokwenza lula.

Imikhuba yakho yokushayela, isabelomali, kanye nokufinyelela kwingqalasizinda yokushaja kudlala indima enkulu kulesi sinqumo.

Njengoba umhlaba usuka ekusimeni, izimoto zikagesi ziba yingxenye ebalulekile yesikhathi esizayo sokuhamba.

Amazolumbo

Q: Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi nezimoto zegesi?

A: Izimoto zikagesi zisebenzisa i-motors namabhethri ukuze anikeze amandla, ngenkathi izimoto zegesi zithembela ezinjini zokuhlanganisa zangaphakathi nophethiloli. I-EVS ayidingi ithangi likaphethiloli noma uhlelo lokuqeda amandla, okwenza kube lula ekwakhiweni.

Q: Yikuphi okunobungane ngokwemvelo: izimoto zikagesi noma izimoto zikagesi?

A: Izimoto zikagesi zikhiqiza ukukhishwa kwe-zero tamppipe, kunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya kanye namagesi abamba ukushisa. Ngokuphambene, izimoto zegesi zikhipha izingcindezi eziyingozi ezifana ne-CO2 ne-NOX, ezinomthelela ekulimaleni kwemvelo.

Q: Buyini uhla lwezimoto zikagesi?

A: Ububanzi buyehluka ngemodeli, imvamisa phakathi kwamamayela ayi-150 kuya kwangama-370, ngamamodeli aphezulu afinyelela phezulu afinyelela kumamayela angama-500.