Izimoto zikagesi zithola ukuthandwa ngokushesha, zibonge ngezinzuzo zabo zemvelo. Njengoba abantu abaningi bashintshela ku-EVS, ubuchwepheshe buyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Kepha naphezu kokukhula kwabo, izimoto zikagesi zisebhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizohlola izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ngezimoto zikagesi, kufaka phakathi izingqinamba ngokushaja, impilo yebhethri, kanye nokwethenjwa ngokuphelele. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalezi zingqinamba ezivamile nezixazululo ezingaba khona.
Izisekelo zezimoto zikagesi
Ukuqonda izimoto zikagesi
Izimoto zikagesi zinikwa amandla ngogesi ezigcinwe kumabhethri, ngokungafani nezimoto zendabuko eziqhutshwa uphethiloli noma udizili. I-EVS inezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo futhi ngokuvamile zithule, zinikeza isipiliyoni sokushayela esishisayo. Baphinde bakhiqize ukuphuma kwe-tamppipe, okubenza babe ukukhetha okuhlanzekile kwemvelo.
Kepha u-EVS akayona nje umkhuba odlulayo. Ukwemukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi bekulokhu kukhula, kuqhutshwa yizo zombili ukukhathazeka kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko yebhethri. Njengoba lezi zimoto ziba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, ukuqonda izisekelo zisiza ukuzikhulula kubathengi abangahle.
Izimoto zikagesi zisebenza kanjani
Enhliziyweni yazo zonke izimoto zikagesi ibhethri, eligcina amandla. Lapho imoto ihamba, la mandla emandla emoto kagesi, eguqula amasondo. Ngokungafani nezinjini ezijwayelekile zokuhlanza okujwayelekile, ezincike kumafutha okuvutha ukukhiqiza amandla, ama-motor kagesi alula kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle.
Qhathanisa nezimoto zendabuko
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nezimoto zendabuko kaphethiloli noma izimoto zikadizili uhlelo lokusekela. I-EVS isebenza kuphela emandleni kagesi, kanti izimoto ezijwayelekile zincike ekuthambukeni kwamafutha. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimoto zikagesi zinezinkinga ezimbalwa ezenziwe ngomshini, ngoba zintula izingxenye ezinjengenjini, uhlelo lokuqeda amandla kanye nokuhlunga kawoyela.
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ezibhekene nabanikazi bezimoto zikagesi
Izinkinga zebhethri
Ukuwohloka kwebhethri kuyinkinga ejwayelekile ngezimoto zikagesi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabhethri alahlekelwa amandla awo okubamba icala, elinganciphisa uhla lwemoto. Lokhu kusulwa kuvame ukuthinteka yizinto ezifana nokushisa, ukuthi imoto isetshenziswa kanjani, nokuthi ibhethri lineminyaka emingaki.
Amabhethri e-EV ngokuvamile anciphisa cishe cishe ama-2-3% ngonyaka. Isibonelo, ezifundeni ezibandayo, impilo yebhethri ingahlala isikhathi eside, kanti isimo sezulu esifudumele singaholela ekuwohlokeni okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abanikazi be-EV babika ukuthi amabhethri abo ahlala isikhathi eside kunalokho obekulindelwe, ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokushaja kanye nobubanzi bokukhathazeka
Enye yezinto ezikhathazayo ezinkulu zabanikazi bezimoto zikagesi yisikhathi esithathayo ukushaja imoto. Ngokungafani nokukhulisa imoto yegesi, ethatha imizuzu embalwa nje, ukushaja i-EV kungathatha amahora amaningi, kuya ngendlela yokushaja esetshenzisiwe. Iziteshi zokushaja okusheshayo zenze le nqubo isheshe, kepha isengathatha isikhathi eside kunabashayeli abaningi.
Enye inselelo 'ububanzi bokukhathazeka, ' Ukwesaba ukuphelelwa amandla ebhethri ngaphambi kokufika esiteshini sokushaja. Ngenkathi izimoto eziningi zikagesi zanamuhla zinikeza uhla lwamamayela angaphezu kwama-200 ngemali ngayinye, lokhu kungahle kwehlise esimweni sezulu esibandayo noma lapho usebenzisa izinhlelo zokulawula isimo sezulu sezulu.
Ingqalasizinda Ekhawulelwe Ukushaja
Ngenkathi iziteshi zokushaja sezivama kakhulu, azikasadli kangako njengeziteshi zegesi. Le ngcebo ekhawulelwe ingaba yinkinga ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma kude lapho iziteshi zokushaja zingase zinqabile.
Ukuntuleka kokujwayelekile phakathi kweziteshi ezihlukile zokushaja, njengomehluko phakathi kwamashaja asheshayo kanye namashaja ajwayelekile, kubuye kube lula ukubhekana nalolu daba. I-ASV Audiotion ikhula, isidingo seziteshi ezithembekile nezifinyeleleka zizokwanda kuphela.
Izindleko eziphezulu zokuqala
Izimoto zikagesi zivame ukuba nezindleko eziphezulu eziphambili ziqhathaniswa nezimoto zendabuko. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu inani lebhethri, elingenye yezinto ezibiza kakhulu ze-EV. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, lezi zindleko kulindeleke ukuthi zehle njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka.
Ngaphandle kwezindleko eziphakeme zokuqala, izimoto zikagesi zingagcina imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izindleko ezisebenzayo ze-EVS ziphansi, njengoba zidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane nogesi ngokuvamile kushibhile kunophethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni abaningi banikela ngezisusa zokukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bashintshele ku-EVS, okungasiza ukulungisa izindleko zokuqala.
Ukukhetha imoto okulinganiselwe
Ngenkathi izinhlobonhlobo zamamodeli wemoto kagesi ekhula, kusenezinketho ezimbalwa eziqhathaniswa nezimoto zendabuko. Abakhiqizi abaningi bagxile ekwakheni ama-seans nama-SUV, kepha kusekhona ukuntuleka kwezinketho kulabo abadinga amaloli noma izimoto ezinkulu.
Njengoba ukufunwa kwezimoto zikagesi kukhuphuka, abenzi bezimoto abaningi basebenzela ukuguqula iminikelo yabo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zikagesi zamaloli athandwayo, amaVans, nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto.
Ukushaja Izinkinga Zokuvumelana
Kukhona futhi inkinga yokushaja ukuhambisana. Akuzona zonke izimoto zikagesi ezingasebenzisa sonke isiteshi sokushaja, njengoba amamodeli ahlukile asebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-plug. Ngenkathi iningi labakhiqizi lisebenzisa izixhumi ezijwayelekile zokushaja, ezinye izinhlobo, njengeTesla, zinamashaja wokuphathelene.
Lokhu kudala ikhanda elingaba yikhanda labanikazi abangadinga ama-adaptha ukuthi akhokhise eziteshini ezithile. Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi zenziwa imizamo yokumisa amachweba okukhokhisa, azokwenza inqubo ibe lula kubo bonke abanikazi be-EV.
Izinkinga ezithile zobuchwepheshe ezinezimoto zikagesi
I-Hardware Oneluleki Ne-Electronics
Izimoto eziningi zikagesi zine-elekthronikhi eyinkimbinkimbi yemoto, kufaka phakathi izinzwa zokushisa, izikrini zokubonisa, nezinhlelo zokulawula kwesimo sezulu. Abanye abashayeli babike izindaba ezinjengokubonisa okungasebenzi kahle noma izinzwa ezingasebenzi kahle.
Ubungozi bomlilo nokungasebenzi kahle kwebhethri
Yize amabhethri angavamile, ama-lithium-ion asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi angathambekele emlilweni uma ekonakaliswa noma ahlanze. Lokhu ukukhathazeka ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka kuba nezingozi noma uma ibhethri lihlehliswe.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimoto zikagesi azinamandla okubamba umlilo kunezimoto zikaphethiloli zendabuko. Amazinga okuphepha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuvimbela umlilo kuyaqhubeka ukuthuthuka, kepha ubungozi busekhona, yize bukhona ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu kunemoto evamile.
Izimpawu ezingenaphutha nezinkinga zokuvuza
Amanye amamodeli emoto kagesi, ikakhulukazi amamodeli okuqala, athole izingqinamba ngezimpawu ezinephutha, ezingaholela ekuvuza kwamanzi. Lokhu kuvuza kungaba yinkinga ikakhulukazi ezimotweni zikagesi, lapho amanzi angathinta khona izingxenye zikagesi ezibucayi.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezemvelo Nezokuziphatha
Umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqiza i-EV
Ngenkathi i-EVS ingcono emvelweni lapho iqhutshwa, inqubo yokukhiqiza isakha ukuphuma okukhulu, ikakhulukazi kusuka ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri. Lokhu kungahlehlisa amanye ama-carbonkonge ngesikhathi sokuphila kwemoto.
Izimayini zezinsiza zamabhethri
Izinto zokwenziwa kwezimayini ezinjenge-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel-esetshenziswe kumabhethri e-eV - iphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha. Kwezinye izindawo, imikhuba yezimayini ingalimaza imvelo yendawo futhi ifake ukusebenza kwezimali, kubandakanya nokusebenza kwezingane.
Ikusasa lezimoto zikagesi nezixazululo zezinkinga zamanje
Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zinganqoba lezi zinkinga?
Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe empilweni yebhethri Ikusasa lezimoto zikagesi libukeka lithembisa ukubonga ngezinto ezintsha njengamabhethri wombuso oqinile. Lawa mabhethri athembisa ukugcina isikhathi eside, ukukhokhisa ngokushesha, futhi asebenze kahle amandla. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buvuthiwe, i-EVS izokwethenjwa ngokwengeziwe.
Ukukhula kokushaja ohulumeni bengqalasizinda kuya ngokuya kutshala imali kwingqalasizinda yokushaja, kufaka phakathi i-US Ingstryment Investment Determent and Jobs Act. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukwakha izinkulungwane zeziteshi zokushaja emigwaqweni emikhulu, okwenza kube lula ukuthi abanikazi be-EV bahambe amabanga amade.
Izindleko eziphansi namamodeli ashibhile abiza kakhulu njenge-EV Tehchoe intuthuko kanye nomncintiswano owengeziwe ungena emakethe, intengo yezimoto zikagesi kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokuwa. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi i-EVS ifinyeleleke kalula ebangeni elibanzi labathengi.
Ukunwebeka Izinketho Zemoto kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezidingo zabathengi Izidingo eziningi zezentefoni zidala izinhlobo zikagesi zezinhlobo zezimoto ezidumile, kufaka amaloli, ama-SUV, kanye nama-minivans. Lokhu kwandiswa kokukhetha kuzokhanga abathengi ababanzi, okwenza i-EVS iguquguquke ngokwengeziwe.
Ingabe imoto kagesi ilungile kuwe?
Izimoto zikagesi zingcono emvelweni, futhi zivame ukuza nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zendabuko. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokuqala, ukulinganiselwa kobubanzi, kanye nezinselelo zengqalasizinda zengqalasizinda zisasebenza ngokufanele.
Uma unokufinyelela okulula eziteshini zokushaja futhi ngokuvamile shayela amabanga amafushane, i-EV ingaba ukukhetha okuhle. Kodwa-ke, uma uvame ukuhamba amabanga amade, kuzodingeka ubheke ukuthi ngabe ingqalasizinda yamanje isekela izidingo zakho.
Ukugcina
Izimoto zikagesi zibhekana nezinselelo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukucekelwa phansi kwebhethri, ingqalasizinda yokushaja, izinhlobonhlobo ezilinganiselwe, izindleko eziphakeme, kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo.
Ngaphandle kwalezi zingqinamba, izimoto zikagesi zisanikeza isixazululo esithembisayo sokuhlanza nokuhamba okuqhubekayo. Ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe, lezi zingqinamba kungenzeka zithuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza i-EVS ifinyeleleke kalula futhi isebenze kahle.
Amazolumbo
Q : Iyiphi inkinga enkulu ngezimoto zikagesi?
A: Izinselelo ezinkulu kakhulu ezinezimoto zikagesi zibanzi, izikhathi zokushaja ezinde, izindleko eziphakeme, nengqalasizinda enganele yokushaja. Ukuwohloka kwebhethri kanye nomthelela wezemvelo wezinto ezimayini zamabhethri nazo zihlala zikhathazeka okubalulekile.
Q : Kungani izimoto zikagesi zibiza kakhulu?
A: Izimoto zikagesi ziyabiza ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zamabhethri abo, asebenzisa izinto ezingandile njenge-lithium, cobalt, kanye ne-nickel. Ngenkathi amanani entengo ehla, izindleko zebhethri zisanikela kakhulu ngentengo ephelele.
Q : Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zineziteshi ezanele zokushaja?
A: Inani leziteshi zokushaja liyakhula, kepha kusekude kakhulu nenani leziteshi zegesi. Lokhu kushoda kungadala ukukhathazeka kobubanzi, ikakhulukazi ohambweni olude noma ezindaweni ezithuthuke kancane.
Q : Ngabe amabhethri emoto kagesi agcina isikhathi esingakanani?
A: Amabhethri emoto kagesi ngokuvamile agcina iminyaka eyi-8 kuye kwengu-15, kuya ngokusetshenziswa nesimo sezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabhethri ancipha, anciphise uhla, kepha intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ithuthukisa isikhathi eside se-batter.
Q : Ngabe izimoto zikagesi zingcono ngemvelo kunezimoto ezinamandla kagesi?
A: Ngenkathi i-EVS ikhiqiza ukuphuma kwe-zero ngesikhathi sokusebenza, inzuzo yabo yemvelo incike ekutheni ugesi akhiqizwa kanjani. I-EVS inokukhishwa okuphezulu kokukhiqiza, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri, kepha ngokuvamile inesifiso sekhabhoni ephansi yekhabhoni lapho ithweswa amandla avuselelekayo.
