Tɛmɛsira min bɛ bɔ mobili jɔlen dafalen (CBU) ladonni na ka taa sigida lajɛw la, o tɛ kɛ ŋaniya ye tugun fɛnw donbagaw bolo minnu ka ca kosɛbɛ, n’u bɛ jago sariyaw gɛlɛyali ni margin compression ɲɛ. Aw ka kan ka balansi don fɛnw dondonni tarifu juguw la minnu bɛ bɔ mobili lajɛlenw na, ni musakabaw, baarakɛlaw musakaw, ani jogoɲini faratiw ye minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sigida lajɛw la. Ni i ye sugandili kɛ Semi-Knocked Down (SKD) ni Completely Knocked Down (CKD) misaliw cɛ, o bɛ i ka fɛnw dilancogo gɛlɛya, fɛnw ɲinini, ani unit sɔrɔko laban fɔ. Nɛgɛ lamaga-lamagali dancɛw cɛma, o bɛ fɛn tigitigi de wajibiya. N’i ​​ye jamalajɛ fɛɛrɛ sɔrɔ cogo jugu la, i bɛ wari joli bɔ doni ni takasi kan. N’i ​​ye sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ joona kojugu ka don fɛn dilanni dafalen na, sanfɛla bɛna i ka marginw tiɲɛ. Nin gafe in bɛ fɛɛrɛko ni wariko jateminɛ sariyaw tiɲɛ walasa ka fɛnw doncogo ɲuman sugandi ka kɛɲɛ ni mobili dilanni yiriwali siratigɛ kɔgɔlen dɔ ye.

• Tarifu Arbitrage vs. CapEx : CKD bɛ fɛnw dondonni musaka dɔgɔmanw di ani doni tali hakɛ camanba nka a bɛ wari caman bila ka kɔn o ɲɛ fɛnw lajɛli fɛnw na, baarakɛminɛnw, ani baarakɛlaw setigiw.

• Fɛnw dilancogo gɛlɛya : Ka bɔ SKD la ka taa CKD la, o bɛ dɔ fara bololabaarakɛlaw hakɛ kan kosɛbɛ ; ɲɛtaa bɛ tali kɛ kosɛbɛ Bill-of-Materials (BOM) kɔlɔsili gɛlɛn na, cogoya wɛrɛw marali, ani SKU-dakun bolifɛnw yecogo.

• Jogoɲumanya ni sariya labatoli : Lajɛ kɛli sigida la, o bɛ jogoɲumanya sabatili laban (QA) ni homologation sariya labatoli doni wuli ka bɔ jamana kɔkan fɛn dilannikɛla la ka taa sigida la fɛnw donbaga la.

• Feere kɔfɛ nɔ min bɛ sɔrɔ: Lajɛcogo sugandilen bɛ nɔ bila sigida yɔrɔw jatebɔ la, garanti dafalen na, ani feerekɛlaw ka dɛmɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen na.

Basi ɲɛfɔli : CBU, BUX, SKD, ani CKD EV dilanni na

Ka yɔrɔ tigitigi sigi sen kan, fɛn min na, fɛntigi ka kan ka bɔ CBU walima BUX (Built Up to Export) la ka taa sigida lajɛ yɔrɔ dɔ walima a dafalen na, o bɛ faamuyali jugu de wajibiya hakɛ dantigɛliw ni impositi laɲiniw kan. Mobili minnu lajɛlen don kosɛbɛ, olu donna jamana kɔnɔ, o bɛ sira di min tɛ se ka kɛlɛ kosɛbɛ. I bɛ komandi kɛ, izini b’a dilan, o fɛn dilannen bɛ wuli ka bɔ kurun dɔ kɔnɔ min labɛnnen don ka feere. O nɔgɔya in bɛ jalakiba lase mɔgɔw ma, n’o ye fɛnw dondonni musakabaw ye ani doni tali baarakɛcogo ɲuman tɛ. Ni feereli hakɛ bɛ ka caya, o baarakɛbaliya ninnu ka wariko doni bɛ fɛɛrɛ tigɛlenw wajibiya ka taa sigida lajɛw la.

Semi-Knocked Down (SKD) Tiɲɛniw

SKD bɛ tali kɛ bolifɛnw na minnu bɛ taa ni u ye jamana wɛrɛw la ni lajɛba belebelew ye minnu ma tiɲɛ. A ka c’a la, i bɛ chassis wulilen sɔrɔ. Kalansen bɛ na ni penti ye. Wiring harness kunba bɛ tɛmɛ kaban chassis fɛ. Motɛri ni batiri min bɛ se ka wuli kosɛbɛ, o bɛ kɔn ka lajɛ jamana kɔkan fɛn dilannikɛla fɛ. Aw ka sigida baarakɛyɔrɔ bɛ bololanɛgɛ fitininw, ji farali, ani porogaramu labanw flashing ɲɛnabɔ. O fɛɛrɛ in bɛ danfara don fɛn dilannenw donli ni fɛn dilanni dafalen cɛ.

SKD baarakɛcogo dɔ ka fɛnsɔrɔsiraw wajibiyalenw bɛ to ka nɔgɔya kosɛbɛ. Aw mago bɛ fɛnmarayɔrɔ saniyalen na, fɛnw kɔrɔtaminɛn jɔnjɔnw na minnu bɛ kɛ ni jirisun fila ye, bololabaarakɛminɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ni fiɲɛ walima kuran ye, ani baarakɛlaw kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen minnu ka dɔgɔ. O yɔrɔ bɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ feerekɛyɔrɔba dɔ ka baarakɛyɔrɔ la ka tɛmɛ laadala izini kan. Fɛɛrɛtigiw bɛ baarakɛcogo tilennenw sirataama minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye walasa ka yɔrɔ tɔw fara ɲɔgɔn kan. U bɛ ɲɛfɛ foroko siri, ka bololanɛgɛw sigi, ka nizɛri jiralan siri ɲɔgɔn na, ka bololanɛgɛ siri wotoroninw kan. U bɛ frein ji fara a kan, ka jibolisiraw joli bɔ, ka sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛminɛn don a la, ka sigida ka firimiwɛriw flash ka taa batiri ɲɛnabɔcogo la.

Waati teliya ka taa sugu la, o de bɛ SKD ka fɛɛrɛ bila sen kan. Jagokɛlaw bɛ baara daminɛ joona ni wariko fɔlɔ dɔgɔyali ye k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ u yɛrɛ tanga CBU ka tarifu hakɛ camanba ma. I bɛ tɛmɛn ɛntɛrinɛti gɛlɛya gɛlɛnw kan, n’o ye welda ni penti ye. Aw ka jɛkulu bɛ u sinsin pewu tilali ni feereli rezow yiriwali kan. SKD bɛ kɛ senna-tɛgɛrɛ ye, min b’a to jɛkuluw bɛ se ka sigida fɛɛrɛko seko jɔ ka sɔrɔ k’u yɛrɛ bila izini taabolo gɛlɛnw na.

Tiɲɛniw minw tiɲɛna pewu (CKD).

CKD bɛ wuliba jira baarakɛcogo gɛlɛya la. Mobiliw bɛ taa jamana wɛrɛw la i n’a fɔ u yɔrɔ lafiyalenw, u kelen-kelen bɛɛ. I bɛ nɛgɛ tubabuw sɔrɔ minnu ma pentiri, motɛri jɛlenw, juruw danfaralenw, ani jɛgɛminɛlan kelen-kelenw. O bɛ sigida ka fɛn dilanni taabolo bɛɛ de wajibiya walasa ka yɔrɔ kɔrɔw sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ sirako sariya siratigɛ la mobili ye.

Infrastructure wajibiyalenw bɛ bonya kosɛbɛ. CKD izini dɔ bɛ izini zoni gɛlɛnw de wajibiya. Aw mago bɛ bɔgɔdaga barikamaw na walasa ka masin girinmanw dɛmɛ ani fanga jiginni fasa saba la izini minɛnw kama. O yɔrɔ in bɛ ɲini ka soudure stations (soudure stations) sɔrɔ minnu bɛ ni jigs (jig) ye minnu bɛ fɛnw labɛn ka ɲɛ. Aw ka kan ka e-coat baarakɛminɛnw ni mugudalanw sigi minnu bɛ sigida lakana. Layini laban sɛgɛsɛgɛli rigs kɔrɔlenw ye wajibi ye. Aw mago bɛ fɛɛrɛtigiw la minnu kalanna kosɛbɛ, minnu bɛ se ka tension (voltazi) caman minɛ cogo la min tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ. I tɛ fɛnw donbaga dɔrɔn ye tugun; aw ye sokɔnɔna fɛn dilannikɛla ye. O yɔrɔ in bɛ izini injiniyɛri gɛlɛnw de wajibiya, baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ kɛ fɛn suguya bɛɛ la, ani lakana sariya gɛlɛnw.

Tariku maksimali dɔgɔyali bɛ CKD ka wari bilali jogo jira. Gofɛrɛnamanw bɛ dusu don kosɛbɛ nin fɛɛrɛ in na bawo a bɛ sigida fɛn dilanni baara daminɛ ani ka fɛɛrɛko sekow bila sokɔnɔ baarakɛlaw ma. I bɛ se ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ kurunbokari minɛnw na bawo yɔrɔ lafiyalenw bɛ pake ka bon kosɛbɛ ka tɛmɛ karamɔgɔw lajɛlenw kan. CKD jɔyɔrɔ dafalen sɔrɔli ka teli ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn laban kɛ gɔfɛrɛnaman ka fɛn dilanni dɛmɛni na, o bɛ nafaba lase ɲɔgɔndan ma feerelikɛyɔrɔw sɔngɔko la.

Jateminɛ kolomaw ka ɲɛsin kuran motow ladonni ma

Sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛli wariko ni baarakɛcogo tilennenw kan nin fɛɛrɛ fila ninnu cɛ, o b’a jira i ka ɲɛtaa la n’i bɛ ka kurunba dɔ sɛgɛsɛgɛ kuran motow . Desizɔn matirizi bɛ taa yɔrɔ jan ka tɛmɛn cikan musaka nɔgɔmanw kan. I ka kan ka impositi sariya, baarakɛlaw ka fanga, ani izini dugukolow sɔrɔli jateminɛ.

Import Tarifs ani Impositi nɔfɛkow

Delta jatebɔ SKD ni CKD fɛnw dondonni hakɛw cɛ laɲiniw kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɛ i ka wariko misali jusigilan ye. Sugu minnu bɛ ka bonya, olu bɛ impositi juguw da bolifɛnw kan minnu lajɛlen don kosɛbɛ walasa ka jamana kɔnɔ iziniw lakana. SKD minɛn dɔ bɛ se ka dɔ bɔ o baara ninnu na dɔɔnin dɔɔnin. CKD kiti lakika bɛ don jamana kɔnɔ fɛn fɔlɔw walima izini yɔrɔw impositi bolodalenw kɔnɔ, minnu ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ.

Musaka hakɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛli bɛ tiɲɛni hakɛ tigitigi dantigɛ. Aw ka kan ka jatebɔ kɛ waati min na sigida lajɛ musakaw bɛ to ka dɔgɔya ka tɛmɛ fɛnw dondonni musakabaw kan minnu bɛ bɔ mobili lajɛlenw na. Ni jamana laɲinilen dɔ ye takasiba dɔ bɔ CBU ka fɛnw na, musakabaw min ka kan ka kɛ CKD izini dɔ la, o bɛ se k’a yɛrɛ sara baara san fila fɔlɔ kɔnɔ. Mara minnu na tarifu sigicogo fla bɛ yen, wariko dusudon min bɛ kɛ ka lajɛ kɛ sigida la, o bɛ wuli pewu.

Sigida nafabɔli wajibiyalenw faamuyali fana nafa ka bon o cogo kelen na. Gofɛrɛnamanw tɛ CKD ka impositi nafaw di mɔgɔw ma hɔrɔnya la. U bɛ yamaruya di sokɔnɔbaara kɛmɛsarada la kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ma walima sigida la fɛnw na walasa ka se ka impositi hakɛ dɔgɔmanninw sɔrɔ. Aw bɛ se ka pankurunw, asidi plɔmuw, walima sigilanw sɔrɔ aw ka sigida la walasa ka o dakun in gosi. Dutiw ka danfara caman cili ani ka sigida bɛnkansɛbɛn (HS) kode tigitigiw sabati EV yɔrɔw la, o bɛ dankanw bilali kɔfɛ barikama walima impositi jalaki minnu bɛ segin kɔ, olu farati dɔgɔya. Kuran nɛgɛso dafalenw ka teli ka bin HS kode 8711.60 kɔnɔ, k’a sɔrɔ kuran motɛri lafiyalenw bɛ bin 8501. Takisi delta min bɛ o kode ninnu cɛ, o de bɛ i ka lajɛ kɛcogo bɛɛ bila sen kan.

Donanw ka caya ani u ka doni musakaw

Konteyna baarakɛcogo jateminɛw bɛ disassemblage de fɛ kosɛbɛ. Ni an ye unit hakɛ suma minnu bɛ bɛn 40ft High Cube minɛn jɔnjɔn kɔnɔ SKD ni CKD cogoyaw kɔrɔ, o bɛ nafolosɔrɔba jira logistiki la. Moto min lajɛlen don kosɛbɛ, a fanba bɛ fiɲɛ bila. SKD sigicogo bɛ o ɲɛ ka taa a fɛ ni a bɛ sira di pakew ma minnu ka gɛlɛn, nka CKD sigicogo bɛ minɛn in insitiri kubik kelen-kelen bɛɛ caya.

Ni CKD bɛ ci, karamɔgɔ jɛlenw bɛ dalajɛ ɲɔgɔn na kosɛbɛ nɛgɛdaga minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni mɔgɔw sago ye. Motɛriw bɛ pake ka don kɛsu belebelebaw kɔnɔ, minnu ka gɛlɛn. Wiring harnesses bɛ ci kɛsu caman kɔnɔ. O density bɛ dɔ bɔ kosɛbɛ doni tali musaka la kelen-kelen bɛɛ la. Aw ka kan ka foroko musakaw jateminɛ ka ɲɛ. Racking kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ni lakanani pakew minnu ka kan ka kɛ CKD yɔrɔ lafiyalenw na, olu bɛ musaka dɔ fara musaka kan ka kɔn o ɲɛ. SKD unit minnu faralen don ɲɔgɔn kan yɔrɔ dɔ la, olu bɛ kɔnɔna kɛsu gɛlɛnw de wajibiya. CKD ka donitali bolomafara ka kan ka musaka caman bɔ jamana kɔkanfɛnw foroko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na ani baara min ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka fɛn kelen-kelen ba caman bɔ u la ani k’u tila-tila u selen.

Sigida Lajɛba Infrastructure ani Baara musakaw

Kapitali musaka modeli bɛ a jira ko a bɛ se ka kɛ. SKD ka ɲɔgɔnye sira sigili musaka jateminɛni ni CKD dilanyɔrɔ dafalen ye, o bɛ wariko danfaraba jira. SKD layini bɛ depo yɔrɔ de wajibiya, lifatan jɔnjɔnw, ani bololabaarakɛminɛnw. CKD izini dɔ bɛ beton barikamaw de wajibiya duguma, kuran jiginɛw minnu bɛ wuli kosɛbɛ, fiɲɛbɔlanw pentilanw kama, ani sojalan kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw.

Sɛnɛfɛnw sɔrɔli jateminɛ bɛ jateminɛ lakika de wajibiya. Aw ka kan ka jamana kɔkan EV OEMw ka fɛn dilanni nafa bonya n’u hakɛ jateminɛ ni sigida baarakɛlaw ka sɔrɔ ye. A ka c’a la, o izini min bɛ jamana kɔkan, o ye izini ba kɛmɛ caman jɔ minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn ta. Aw ka sigida jamalajɛ jɛkulu kura bɛ ka kalan kɛcogo gɛlɛn dɔ ɲɛnabɔ. Fɔlɔ sɛnɛni boliw bɛna kɛ dɔɔnin dɔɔnin. Nafa hakɛw bɛna caya a daminɛ na ka tɛmɛ izini kɔnɔ fɛnw kan. Aw ka kan ka jogoɲini dakun gɛlɛnw waleya garasi bɛɛ la.

Baara suguya sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ baarakɛcogo ɲɛtaa jira. Fɛɛrɛtigi setigiw sɔrɔli n’u musakaw jateminɛni, minnu ka kan ka kɛ batiri caman minɛcogo la ani EV bolifɛnw doncogo la, o ye wajibi ye. Aw tɛ se ka CKD izini dɔ baara pewu ni baarakɛlaw ye minnu tɛ se kosɛbɛ. Aw mago bɛ izini injiniyɛriw la, jogoɲini kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na, ani fɛɛrɛtigiw la minnu bɛ Controller Area Network (CAN) bisiw sɛgɛsɛgɛli faamuya. Ni sigida baarakɛlaw ka sugu tɛ ni o seko ninnu ye, aw ka kalan musakaw bɛna wuli san fɛ, ka tɔnɔ sɔrɔli bila kɔfɛ.

Kuran doni saba ladonni sugandiliw jateminɛni

SKD/CKD ka sariyasun tali jago ni nafama EVw la, o bɛ gɛlɛya danfaralenw lase logistiki ma. Ni aw bɛ jateminɛ kɛ kuran doni wotoro saba donni sugandiliw , bolifɛnw farikolo hakɛw bɛ wajibiya ka seginkanni dafalen kɛ wotoro fila fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔnw kan.

Jago EV Assemblage ka gɛlɛya

Gɛlɛya minnu bɛ sɔrɔ fan fɛ, olu bɛ CKD kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ mɔgɔ ɲɛnajɛ kosɛbɛ jagokɛlaw ka wotoro saba la. Doni kɛsubaw, flatiw janyalenw, ani chassis barikamaw ka bon, o bɛ doni tali baarakɛbaliyaba lase ni u bilara ka u lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. Wotoro fila-fila min bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye, o bɛ kurunba ci ka ɲɛ SKD cogo la, nka doni-ta-wotoro saba bɛ konteyna yɔrɔ caman ta. Ni o mobili ninnu tilalen don ka kɛ chassis yɔrɔw ye minnu bɛ kɛ fla ye ani doni ta pannew minnu bɛ u kɔnɔ, o bɛ doni tali kɛ cogo kabakoma na. Kɔfɛ-aksidan, diferential ani leaf ressort suspension ye fɛn girinmanw ye, minnu ka bon, minnu bɛ packing strategies dense de wajibiya.

Ladamuni kɛli yɔrɔ la, o bɛ nafaba wɛrɛ di. Jagokɛlaw ka kurunbaw man teli k’a fɛ ka fɛɛrɛ kelen sɔrɔ min bɛ bɛn bɛɛ ma. Baara kɛli ni CKD ye, o bɛ sira di fɛn caman caman cili ma sigida la. I bɛ kabini koloma ni chassis don jamana kɔnɔ, o kɔfɛ, i bɛ doni kɛsu suguya wɛrɛw don, nɛnɛyɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw, walima flati minnu bɛ baara gɛlɛn kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sigida ka kurunba ɲininiw ye. Aw bɛ se ka nɛgɛ flati walima fibreglasi jiginni kɛsu sɔrɔ sigida la. O sɛgɛsɛgɛli in b’a to fɛnw donbagaw bɛ se ka baara kɛ jagokɛla caman ye ni basigiyɔrɔ kelen ye min bɛ don jamana kɔnɔ, ka sɔrɔ ka sigida nafa faralen kɛmɛsarada la bonya waati kelen na impositi siratigɛ la.

Jogoɲumanya sabatili ani Bill-of-Materials (BOM) kɔlɔsili

Maracogo gɛlɛnw ɲɛnabɔli bɛ kɛ ko kɔrɔba ye ni jagokɛla ka kurunbaw lajɛra. Kunnafonidila danfaralenw mago bɛ nafa kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na, ka chassis barika bonya, walima ka batiri janya. Sigida lajɛyɔrɔ ka kan ka BOM kuntigiya dafalen mara walasa a yɔrɔ ɲumanw ka jɛ ni chassis ɲuman ye. Ni doni girinmanw ka fɛnw jɔcogo ɲagaminen don, o bɛ na ni dɛsɛba ye foro kɔnɔ.

Sigida sɛgɛsɛgɛli sariyaw sigili motɛri girinmanw ni batiri setigiba kan, o ye wajibi ye sani u ka se ka di laban ma. Jagokɛyɔrɔw bɛ baara gɛlɛnw muɲu. Sigida QA jɛkulu ka kan ka torque bɔli tiɲɛ dinamomɛtiri kan. U ka kan ka batiri funteni maracogo kɔrɔbɔ ni nafa caman bɛ sɔrɔ. U ka kan ka IP67 jibɔ hakɛw sɛgɛsɛgɛ, minnu bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na ni jifiyɛlan ye. I tɛ se k’i jigi da jamana kɔkan fɛn dilannikɛla ka QA dɔrɔn kan n’i bɛ jagokɛla ka mobili lajɛlen laban ɲɛnabɔ.

Supply Chain yecogo ani baarakɛcogo faratiw

Mobiliw tigɛtigɛli ye gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen minnu lase jamana wɛrɛw ka taama kama, olu ɲɛnabɔli ye sigidako gɛlɛyaba ye. Ni i ye mobili tiɲɛ ka kɛ fɛn ba caman ye, a tiɲɛni farati bɛ caya kosɛbɛ.

SKU-Nivo ka bolifɛnw nɔfɛtaama

A ka kan ka kɛ granular tracking ye, o tɛ se ka fɔ ka tɛmɛ. CKD baarakɛcogo bɛ dɛsɛ ni waati yɛrɛ la yelen tɛ ka don yɔrɔ kelen-kelen cilenw na. N’i ​​ye mobili dafalenw ladon jamana kɔnɔ, minɛn min bɛ to kɔfɛ, o kɔrɔ ye ka sɔrɔ kɔfɛ. N’i ​​ye CKD kisɛw ladon, minɛn min bɛ mɛn sen na, n’a bɛ yɔrɔ fitinin kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ minɛ, o bɛ ɲɔgɔnjɛ sira bɛɛ jɔ. I tɛ se ka mobili dilan ni a ka motɛri ɲɛminɛbaga walima a ka bolifɛn ɲɛminɛlan tɛ. Ni aw ma M8x1.25 torque-to-yield bololanɛgɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw sɔrɔ frein calipers kama, a dilanni bɛ jɔ. I tɛ se ka boli ka taa sigida ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw feereyɔrɔ la mobili sirilanw kama.

Ka feerekɛlaw ka ERPw fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni sigida fɛnw maracogo ye, o bɛ fɛn dilanni sira jɔli bali. Aw ka kan k’a dɔn tigitigi fɛn minnu bɛ ji kan, minnu bɛ dumuniko la, ani minnu sigilen bɛ lakanafɛnw na. O jɛ-ka-baara hakɛ in bɛ porogaramu caman de wajibiya, Advanced Shipping Notices (ASN), ani barɔdi sɛgɛsɛgɛli kurunboli yɔrɔ la. Bololabaarakɛlaw ka tugu-tugu-ɲɔgɔn kɔ jatebɔ sɛbɛnw fɛ, o bɛ na ni fɛn nafamaw tununni ye, ani izini jɔli waati sɔngɔ gɛlɛnw.

Fɛn minnu tununna, minnu tiɲɛna, walima minnu tiɲɛna, olu ɲɛnabɔli

Baarakɛda hakɛ bɛnkanw (SLA) sigili ni jamana kɔkan OEMw ye walasa ka yɔrɔw caman cili teliya la minnu tiɲɛna tɛmɛsira fɛ, o ye wajibi ye min tɛ se ka fɔ. Yɔrɔw bɛ tiɲɛ kɔgɔji kɔnɔ doni tali waati. Kɔgɔ fiɲɛ bɛ flash rust kɛ nɛgɛ gansan CKD yɔrɔw kan fo ni u sirilen don Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor (VCI) bɔrɔw kɔnɔ. Kɔgɔji gɛlɛnw bɛ plastiki fairingw kari. Aw ka SLA ka kan k’a fɔ izini fiɲɛbɔlanw falenfɛnw teliya cogo min na walasa aw ka layini ka to ka taa.

Jatebɔ kɛli buffer inventory wajibiyalen na yɔrɔ lafiyalenw na, o bɛ CKD lajɛ baarakɛcogo sabatilenw mara. Nin lakana stock wajibiyalen in bɛ baarakɛnafolo siri nka a bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ asiransi ka ɲɛsin fɛnw dilancogo sɛgɛnw ma. Aw mago bɛ lakanafɛnw na minnu bɛ se ka kɛ 5-10% ye a dɔgɔyalenba la, fɛn minnu bɛ se ka tiɲɛ walima minnu ka gɛlɛn. Ni frein calipers kulu dɔ sera ka bɔ spec la, i ka lakana stock bɛ a to baara ka taa ɲɛ ka sɔrɔ i bɛ jogoɲumanya sɔsɔli ɲɛnabɔ ni feerekɛla ye. Ni lakanafɛnw tɛ yen, batɛmu kelen min tiɲɛna, o bɛ i ka opereli bɛɛ kɛ paralize ye.

Lajɛ fɛɛrɛw nɔ min bɛ jagokɛlaw ka dɛmɛ na

Sanfɛla fɛnw dondonni latigɛw bɛ nɔba bila jiginɛ kɔnɔ kiliyanw wasako la ani feerekɛlaw ka rezow ɲɛtaa la. I bɛ mobili dilan cogo min na, o de b’a jira i bɛ se k’a ladon cogo min na foro kɔnɔ. A danfaralen don feerekɛlaw ka dɛmɛ bɛ bɔ yɔrɔw sɔrɔli la ani fɛɛrɛko dɔnniya de la pewu.

Garanti dafacogo ani a yɔrɔw sɔrɔli

CKD baarakɛyɔrɔ baara bɛ kɛ cogo la min bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw jatebɔsɛbɛn barikama, min bɛ sigida la. Ikomi i bɛ fɛnw don jamana kɔnɔ minnu lafiyalen don ni ba caman ye, i bɛ fɛnw marayɔrɔba dɔ jɔ i yɛrɛ la. O bɛ dɔ bɔ kosɛbɛ garanti dilan waatiw la. Ni feerekɛla mago bɛ stator caman cili la, suspension linkage kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na, walima DC-DC converter la, o yɔrɔ bɛ jamana kɔnɔ kaban. A sigilen bɛ fɛn dɔ kan i ka lajɛyɔrɔ la. I b’a ci feerekɛla ma su kelen kɔnɔ, ka kiliyan segin sira kan o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ.

SKD ka gɛlɛya bɛ sɔrɔ k’i yɛrɛ tanga kisɛ kuraw fagali jaan ma. Ikomi SKD bɛ tali kɛ modulu minnu labɛnna ka kɔn, olu donna jamana kɔnɔ, i man teli ka yɔrɔ kelen-kelen lafiyalenw jatebɔ jugu sɔrɔ. Ni garanti ɲinini dɔ kɛra, kɔrɔbɔli ye ka SKD minɛn kura dɔ yɔrɔ dɔ bɔ a la walasa ka kiliyan ka mobili labɛn. O bɛ kiti kura in ka inventory integrity tiɲɛ, ka cascading logistique sugo jugu dɔ lawuli. CKD bɛ o jaan in bɔ yen pewu, a kɛtɔ ka a to a yɔrɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ ka boli tuma bɛɛ.

Fɛɛrɛkalan ni Réseau Enablement

Ka sigida lajɛyɔrɔ baara i n’a fɔ feerekɛlaw ka kalanso, o bɛ baarakɛyɔrɔ dɔ labɛn min bɛ se kosɛbɛ. Feerekɛlaw ka mekanikiw bɛ taa bɔ izini in na, ka bolifɛnw jɔli lajɛ ka bɔ duguma. U b’a ye tigitigi cogo min na wiring harness bɛ tɛmɛ frame fɛ. U b’a dɔn batiri ɲɛnabɔcogo bɛ kumaɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni motɛri ɲɛminɛbaga ye cogo min na. Nin bololabaara in nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ bana sɛgɛsɛgɛli ɲɛtaa la. U bɛ segin u ka feerekɛyɔrɔw la i n’a fɔ fɛɛrɛtigi ŋanaw.

Ka izini-dakun lajɛ dɔnniya bamanankan na ka kɛ feerekɛlaw dɛmɛni sɛbɛn bɛɛ ye, o bɛ rezo bɛɛ kɔrɔta. Aw ka sigida lajɛba injiniyɛriw bɛ mobili faamu ka ɲɛ ka tɛmɛ jamana kɔnɔ mɔgɔ tɔw bɛɛ kan. U bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔcogo gafe ɲɛfɔlenw sɛbɛn, ka filiw ja tigitigiw dilan, ani ka wideyo kalanw dilan walasa ka dilanw kɛ tuma bɛɛ. Nin dɔnniyaw cili sigida la, o bɛ fanga di feerekɛlaw ma u ka se ka dilan gɛlɛnw ɲɛnabɔ ni dannaya ye, ka dɔ bɔ doni na aw ka cɛmancɛ fɛɛrɛbɔjɛkulu kan.

Kuncɛli

1. Aw ye aw ka sigida dumuniko tarifu bolodacogo lajɛ walasa ka danfara tigitigiw dɔn bolifɛnw hakɛ la minnu lajɛlen don kosɛbɛ ani izini yɔrɔ lafiyalenw cɛ.

2. Aw ye Bill of Materials dafalen ɲini ani flat-pack container baarakɛcogo bolodalen ka bɔ aw ka jamana kɔkan fɛn dilanni jɛɲɔgɔn fɛ walasa ka doni bolomafara tigitigi jate.

3. Jatebɔ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni i ka san hakɛ jateminɛlen ye, duguma doni hakɛ, ani kuran mago bɛ min na sigida lajɛyɔrɔ dɔ la.

4. Aw ye sigida sɔrɔcogo dɔ sigi senkan fɛnw na minnu girinya ka bon, minnu ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ i n’a fɔ pankurunw ani batiri minnu bɛ asidi plɔmu kɛ walasa ka jamana kɔnɔ nafa faralen impositi dantigɛliw dafa.

Ɲininkaliw

J: Danfara fɔlɔ jumɛn bɛ SKD ni CKD cɛ kuran mɔbiliw la?

A: Danfaraba min bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o bɛ sɔrɔ a tiɲɛni hakɛ la. SKD bɛ tali kɛ modulu belebelebaw la minnu labɛnna ka kɔn, i n’a fɔ fɛn pentalen min motɛri sirilen don kaban, o bɛ sigida baarakɛlaw dɔgɔya. CKD bɛ tali kɛ fɛnw na minnu bɛ lafiya pewu. O bɛ izini lajɛ dafalen de wajibiya, i n’a fɔ solda, penti, ani sɛgɛsɛgɛli caman kɛli laban na.

J: fɛnw dondonni tarifuw bɛ danfara jumɛn don CBU, SKD, ani CKD cɛ?

A: CBU mɔbiliw bɛ caman sama ka bɔ fɛntigiya walima fɛnw dondonni impositi camanba la walasa ka jamana kɔnɔ fɛn dilanni lakana. SKD bɛ tarifu dɔgɔyali danmadɔw di bawo sigida baara dɔw de wajibiyalen don. A ka c’a la, CKD bɛ se ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw walima izini yɔrɔw impositi hakɛ dɔgɔman sɔrɔ, wa a ka c’a la, a bɛ mobili kɛ mɔgɔ ye min bɛ se ka sigida ka fɛn dilanni dɛmɛ sɔrɔ.

J: Mobili dilanni yiriwali taabolo ye mun ye?

A: O bɛ tali kɛ fɛnw donbaga dɔ ka kɔgɔli modɛli fasalen na. A ka c’a la, jagokɛlaw bɛ daminɛ ni CBU walima BUX mɔbiliw donli ye jamana kɔnɔ walasa ka sugu kɔrɔbɔ. Ni hakɛ bɛ ka caya, u bɛ wuli ka taa SKD lajɛ la walasa ka tarifuw dɔgɔya. A laban na, u bɛ wuli ka kɛ CKD sigidako dafalen ye bawo u ka fɛɛrɛbɔ sekow n’u ka suguya sɔrɔli bɛ jo di fɛnsɔrɔsiraw musaka gɛlɛn ma.

J: Yala kuran motow lajɛli sigida la, o bɛ nɔ bila homologation (homologation) la wa?

A: Ɔwɔ. Sigida lajɛ bɛ jamana lakanani ni sirako sariyaw labatoli baara bila ka ɲɛsin fɛnw donbaga ma. I tɛ jamana wɛrɛ ka fɛn dɔ feere dɔrɔn tugun min dagalen don; aw bɛ sigida ta dɔ dilan. O bɛ sigida yɔrɔw jateminɛw wajibiya, ka fɛn dilannenw sɛgɛsɛgɛ kosɛbɛ, ani ka sariya labatoli sɛbɛnw mara minnu ka gɛlɛn.

J: CKD donni fɛɛrɛ musaka dogolenw ye jumɛnw ye?

A: Izini yɔrɔ jɛlen kɔfɛ, musaka dogolenw dɔw ye baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye mobili suguya bɛɛ la, lakana minɛnw minnu bɛ se ka wuli kosɛbɛ fɛɛrɛtigiw ye, ani SKU-nivo kɔnɔ fɛnw maracogo porogaramu gɛlɛnw. Ka yɔrɔ lafiyalenw ka buffer stock mara walasa ka fɛnw bila u nɔ na minnu tiɲɛna tɛmɛsira la, o bɛ baarakɛnafolo caman siri.

J: Yala fɛnw donbaga bɛ se ka bɔ SKD la ka taa CKD la waati tɛmɛnen kɔfɛ wa?

A: Ɔwɔ, nin ye izini taabolo jɔnjɔn ye. Jagokɛlaw bɛ baara kɛ ni SKD ye walasa ka suguya jɔ, ka feerekɛlaw ka rezo sigi senkan, ani ka wari sɔrɔ. Ni feereli hakɛ sera hakɛba ma min bɛ jo di musakabaw ma, u b’u ka yɔrɔw sɛmɛntiya, ka wuli ka taa CKD la walasa ka nafa caman sɔrɔ ani ka gɔfɛrɛnaman ka fɛn dilanni dusudonw sɔrɔ.

J: CKD ka lajɛ bɛ feerekɛlaw ka dɛmɛ ɲɛ cogo di?

A: Ka fɛnw don jamana kɔnɔ minnu lafiyalen don, o bɛ sigida ka fɛnw jatebɔsɛbɛn bɛɛ lajɛlen jɔ a yɛrɛ la. Sanni u ka dɔgɔkun caman makɔnɔ walasa ka yɔrɔ dɔ sɔrɔ ka bɔ jamana kɔkan, feerekɛlaw bɛ fɛn wɛrɛw sɔrɔ su kelen kɔnɔ ka bɔ sigida lajɛyɔrɔ la. Sigida lajɛjɛkulu bɛ fɛɛrɛ dɔn kosɛbɛ o fɛn in na, o b’a to u bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɛmɛ ɲuman di feerekɛlaw ka rezo ma.