Imodoka yamashanyarazi zarakunzwe cyane mumyaka yashize, mbikesha kamere yabo yubucuti nibikorwa byigihe gito. Ariko, abantu benshi baracyafite ibibazo bijyanye nibisabwa kubinyabiziga. Ikibazo kimwe gisanzwe ni ukumenya niba imodoka z'amashanyarazi zikeneye impinduka zamavuta nka bagenzi babo ba lisansi. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasengeramo ingingo yamavuta kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi no gucukumbura ibyifuzo byikinyabiziga bidasanzwe.
Gusobanukirwa moteri yimodoka
Imodoka yamashanyarazi zarakunzwe cyane mumyaka yashize, hamwe nabantu benshi kandi bahitamo ubundi buryo bwinshuti kandi buhebuje bukoreshwa muburyo buke bwa lisasike. Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bituma imodoka z'amashanyarazi zidasanzwe ari moteri zabo. Bitandukanye na moteri yo gutwika imbere iboneka mumodoka zisanzwe, moteri yimodoka ikora ikora kumahame yose atandukanye.
Imodoka zihuta cyane, byumwihariko, zifite ibikoresho byamashanyarazi byateye imbere bibemerera gutanga imyanya ishimishije hamwe nimyuga yo hejuru. Aba moteri bafite imbaraga z'amashanyarazi zabitswe muri bateri-yo gusambire, isanzwe iri munsi yimodoka. Batteri zitanga imbaraga zikenewe zo gutwara moteri yamashanyarazi, zimeza imodoka imbere yorohewe.
Kimwe mu byiza bya moteri yamashanyarazi ni ubworoherane bwabo. Bitandukanye na moteri gakondo hamwe nibice byimuka, amashanyarazi yagira ibintu bike. Ibi bisobanurwa kwizerwa cyane nibiciro byimbere kubafite imodoka zamashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, amashanyarazi asanzwe akora neza kuruta guhuza bagenzi babo, nkuko bahindura ijanisha ryinshi ryingufu zabitswe muburyo nyabwo. Iyi mikorere ntabwo igabanya gusa ibiyobyabwenge gusa ahubwo binagabanya ibyo uhako bya Greenhouse, gukora imodoka zamashanyarazi ahantu h'isuku.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi cya moteri yimodoka ikora amashanyarazi ni feri ya serwation. Ubu buhanganoshya butuma Moteri yamashanyarazi ikora nka generator mugihe umushoferi akoresha feri. Aho gushyiraho ingufu za kinetic nkuburyo bwa feri, nkuko feri ya roho gakondo ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ikabika muri bateri. Ibi ntibifasha gusa kwagura intara yimodoka gusa ahubwo igabanya kwambara kuri feri, bikaviramo ibice birebire.
Kubijyanye n'imikorere, imodoka zihuta zihuta zirashobora kwihuta gushimishije kubera torque yahise itangwa na moteri yamashanyarazi. Bitandukanye na moteri yo gutwika imbere, bisaba igihe cyo kugera kuri torque yabo ya torque, amashanyarazi atanga torque ntarengwa kuva umushoferi ukanda pedal yihuta. Iyi mitwe ihinduka isobanura uburambe bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, yemerera abashaka gutwara amashanyarazi kugirango biyongereye ryihuta kandi bakoreshwe.
Ibisabwa byo kubungabunga imodoka z'amashanyarazi
Imodoka zamashanyarazi zigenda zirushaho kuba zigenda ziyongera kuba bantu barwanya ibidukikije nabashaka kugabanya ikirenge cya karubone. Nkuko abantu benshi bahindura ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ibisabwa byo kubungabunga hamwe no gutunga.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi tugomba gusuzuma mugihe cyo kubungabunga imodoka yamashanyarazi ni bateri. Bitandukanye n'imodoka gakondo zishingiye kuri lisansi, zikoreshwa na bateri nini ya lithium-ion. Banki isaba kubungabungwa buri gihe kugirango ibone imikorere myiza no kuramba. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wo kwishyuza no kurangiza bateri kugirango wirinde kwangirika no kwagura ubuzima bwayo.
Ikindi kintu cyo kubungabunga ibisabwa mumodoka yamashanyarazi ni ugumana sisitemu yo gukonjesha muburyo bwiza. Batare nibindi bice byimodoka yamashanyarazi bibyara ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukora, kandi sisitemu yo gukonjesha neza ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde gukomera. Buri gihe ugenzure urwego rukonje kandi uzenguruka neza ni ngombwa kwirinda ibibazo byose.
Kubungaburira ipine niyindi kintu cyingenzi mu gutunga imodoka yamashanyarazi. Imodoka zamashanyarazi zizwiho kwihuta kwabo hamwe na torque ndende, ishobora gushyira ikibazo cyiyongereye kumapine. Ni ngombwa guhora ugenzura umuvuduko w'ipine, uzenguruke amapine, kandi ukareba ko bahuye neza. Ibi ntibizanoza imikorere gusa ningirakamaro yimodoka ariko nabyo no kwagura ubuzima bwamapine.
Usibye ibi bisabwa byihariye byo kubungabunga, imodoka z'amashanyarazi nazo zisangira zimwe na zimwe zirimo imodoka gakondo. Buri gihe kugenzura no gusimbuza muyunguruzi, nko muyungurura ikirere hamwe na kabile muyungurura, ni ngombwa gukomeza ubwiza bwikirere. Gukomeza impinduka zamavuta ya soutine nibisobanuro bya feri birakenewe kubijyanye nubuzima rusange n'imikorere yimodoka.
Subhead idasanzwe 1: Uruhare rwa Lubrirings mumashanyarazi
Mu isi ihindagurika iteka ryose mu ikoranabuhanga ry'imodoka, imodoka z'amashanyarazi zagaragaye nk'umumizi. Izi modoka, zikoreshwa namashanyarazi, zungutse kubera imiterere yubucuti bwibidukikije no kunoza lisansi. Ariko, hariho ikintu cyingenzi kigira uruhare runini mu kuzamura imikorere no kuramba kw'imodoka z'amashanyarazi - amavuta.
Ibihimbaro byateguwe kugirango bigabanye amakimbirane hagati yimiterere yimuka, bityo bugabanya kwambara no gutanyagura. Kubireba imodoka zamashanyarazi, ni ngombwa kugirango ibikorwa byoroshye no kunonosora byinshi. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, byihuta cyane imodoka z'amashanyarazi, wishingikirije ku bice bitandukanye nka moteri, bitwikiriye, hamwe n'ibikoresho kugira ngo bikore neza. Lubriricars itanga uburinzi bwingenzi kuri ibi bigize, bikabemerera gukora kurwego rwimikorere.
Ikintu kimwe cyingenzi aho Lubririricants ivuga ko ntangarugero ari muri moteri yamashanyarazi. Iyi moto ni umutima wimodoka zamashanyarazi, guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu ingufu za mashini. Kugirango ugere kumuvuduko mwinshi, moteri yamashanyarazi ikora muburyo budasanzwe bwihuta. Ibihimbaro byagize amashanyarazi bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya amakimbirane no ku gisekuru, bityo bikaba byiza neza.
Byongeye kandi, amavuta nayo atanga umusanzu mubikorwa rusange byimodoka. Mu kugabanya guterana amagambo, birengera ingufu nkeya mugihe cyo guhindura, bikavamo ubuzima bwa bateri bunoze kandi bwiyongereye. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane cyane kumodoka zihuta cyane, aho buri kintu cyose cyo kubungabunga ingufu zijyanye no kugera kubikorwa ntarengwa.
Usibye moteri y'amashanyarazi, amavuta nayo akinira uruhare rukomeye mu rwego rwo kwemeza imikorere y'ibindi bice mumodoka. Icyitegererezo, kurugero, bisaba gusigazwa neza kugabanya guterana amagambo no kureba neza. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, agasanduku k'inyesanduku, nubwo kitarinziriza mumodoka yamashanyarazi, zisaba gutinda kugirango wirinde kwambara gukabije no gukomeza imikorere myiza.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko guhitamo uburenganzira bwiburyo ari ngombwa kugirango imikorere myiza yimodoka. Lubricars ifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke cyane bahitamo kwihanganira imigenzo yo hejuru nubushyuhe bwihuse bwabayeho muri izi modoka. Byongeye kandi, ibihuru bifitanye isano na Eco byunguka ibyamamare, guhuza nibidukikije bifite imiterere yimodoka zamashanyarazi.
Subhead idasanzwe 2: Itandukaniro riri hagati yimodoka yamashanyarazi n'inzuzi
Imodoka zamashanyarazi zungutse cyane mumyaka yashize kubera inyungu zabo, harimo umusanzu wabo mu kugabanya ibyuka bihuha bya karubone hamwe nibiciro byigihe gito mugihe kirekire. Ariko, iyo bigeze kubungabunga, imodoka z'amashanyarazi ziratandukanye na bagenzi babo bakoreshwa na lisansi. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryo kubungabunga ni ngombwa kuri ba nyirayo kugirango tumenye neza imikorere no kuramba byimodoka zabo.
Imwe mu itandukaniro ryambere riri hagati yimodoka yamashanyarazi na lisansi iri muri powertein yabo. Imodoka zamashanyarazi zikoreshwa na bateri ifite ubushobozi buke, mugihe imodoka ya lisansi yishingikiriza kuri moteri yo gutwika imbere. Itandukaniro ryibanze rigira ingaruka kubisabwa kubungabunga ubwoko bwimodoka. Mu modoka y'amashanyarazi, ipaki ya batiri ni ikintu gikomeye gikeneye gukurikiranwa buri gihe kandi kibungabungwa. Birasabwa gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wububiko bwo kubungabunga bateri, bishobora kubamo ubugenzuzi bwigihe, kuvugurura software, na bateri.
Ikindi kintu gikomeye cyo gufata neza imodoka cyamashanyarazi ni ugutanga ibikorwa remezo. Bitandukanye n'imodoka ya lisansi ishobora kunozwa kuri sitasiyo iyo ari yo yose, imodoka z'amashanyarazi zisaba uburyo bwo kwishyuza sitasiyo. Ba nyir'ubwite bakeneye kumenya ko babona uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyuza, haba murugo cyangwa binyuze murubuga rwibintu rusange bishyuza. Buri gihe ugenzure insinga zo kwishyuza hamwe nabahuza ibyangiritse cyangwa kwambara nabyo ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde ibibazo byose byo kwishyuza.
Byongeye kandi, imodoka z'amashanyarazi zifite ibice bike ugereranije n'imodoka ya lisansi, bituma habaho ibikenewe. Iyi nyungu ahanini biterwa no kubura moteri yo gutwika imbere hamwe nibice byinshi byimuka. Hamwe nibice bike byo kubungabunga, muri rusange imodoka zamashanyarazi zisaba serivisi nkeya kandi zifite amahirwe make yo gutsindwa kwa mashini.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko imodoka z'amashanyarazi zigikeneye kubungabungwa buri gihe kugirango umenye imikorere yabo myiza. Ibi birimo cheque isanzwe ya sisitemu yo gufata feri, amapine, nibigize guhagarika. Byongeye kandi, kubika uburyo bwo gukonjesha amashanyarazi no gushyushya uburyo bwiza bumeze neza ni ngombwa mugukomeza imikorere ya bateri. Nyuma yo kumenya gahunda yo kubungabunga ni ngombwa kugirango umenye ibibazo byose bishoboka mbere yuko biba ibibazo bikomeye.
Umwanzuro
Moteri yimodoka yamashanyarazi itanga ubworoherane, imikorere, feri yashya, hamwe n'imikorere itangaje. Nkuko iterambere rikorwa mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, dushobora kwitega ko hari udushya turanga no kunoza imikorere. Kubungabunga bateri bukwiye, sisitemu yo gukonjesha sisitemu, kubungabunga ipine, hamwe nubugenzuzi busanzwe ni ngombwa kubafite imodoka zamashanyarazi kugirango imodoka zabo zitere imbere. Lubricants igira uruhare runini mu kuzamura imikorere, gukora neza, no kuramba kw'imodoka z'amashanyarazi, cyane cyane umuvuduko mwinshi. Izi modoka zishingiye cyane kuri lubriricars kugabanya amakimbirane, kugabanya kwambara, no kwerekana ingufu. Kubungabunga imodoka z'amashanyarazi ziratandukanye cyane n'imodoka ya lisansi, hamwe no kubungabunga bateri isanzwe no kubona ibikorwa remezo bikenewe mumodoka. Gusobanukirwa ibisabwa byihariye byo kubungabunga imodoka zihuta cyane ni ngombwa kuri ba nyirabwo.
