Mota dzemagetsi dzave kuwedzera kukurumbira mumakore achangopfuura, nekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi uye kunetseka kuri kukura kwenzvimbo inotyaira shanduko kuenda kusarudzo dzekufambisa. Sezvatinoongorora kushanduka kwemotokari dzemagetsi uye zvinhu zvinoita kuti dzifambe zvakanaka, mubvunzo mumwe unomuka - motokari dzemagetsi dzichiri kuda mafuta here? Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora mune ramangwana remotokari dzemagetsi uye hukama hwavo nemafuta, tichikurukura zvinorehwa neindasitiri yemotokari uye nharaunda. Joinha isu patinenge tichifumura chokwadi chiri shure kwekudiwa kwemafuta munyika yemotokari dzemagetsi uye zvazvinoreva kune ramangwana rekufambisa.

Evolution yeMagetsi Mota

Motokari dzemagetsi dzakauya kure kubva pakuvambwa kwavo, neshanduko yetekinoroji inoenderera mberi ichisundira miganhu yezvinogoneka. Kubva pavakatanga kuzvininipisa semotokari dzemhando yepamusoro kusvika pari zvino yava sarudzo huru yevatengi vanoziva zvakatipoteredza, mota dzemagetsi dzakaona kufambira mberi kwakakosha maererano nekuita, huwandu, uye kuwanikwa.

Imwe yeakakosha simba rekutyaira kumashure kwekushanduka kwemotokari dzemagetsi kushushikana kuri kukura kwezvakatipoteredza uye kukosha kwekudzikisa kabhoni. Sezvo mota dzechinyakare dzinofambiswa nepeturu dzichiramba dzichibatsira mukusvibiswa kwemhepo uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, shanduko yekuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi yave yakakosha kupfuura kare. Nekufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwemabhatiri uye zvivakwa zvekuchaja, mota dzemagetsi zvino dzinopa imwe nzira inoshanda kune dzechinyakare mota, nevazhinji maautomaker vanodyara zvakanyanya mukuvandudza mota dzemagetsi.

Mabhenefiti emota dzemagetsi akajeka - anoburitsa zero tailpipe emissions, kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kuvandudza hunhu hwemhepo munzvimbo dzemaguta. Pamusoro pezvo, mota dzemagetsi dzine simba-rinoshanda kupfuura vamwe vadzo peturu, zvichibatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rose. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yebhatiri, mota dzemagetsi zvino dzava kupa kureba uye nekukurumidza kuchaja nguva, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inoshanda yekushandiswa kwemazuva ese.

Zvikamu zveMota dzeMagetsi

Mota dzemagetsi dziri kushandura indasitiri yemotokari nehunyanzvi hwavo hwekuvandudza uye eco-hushamwari dhizaini. Mota idzi dzinofambiswa nemagetsi emagetsi panzvimbo pechinyakare injini dzepeturu, zvichidziita kuti dzive nehushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza uye dzishande nesimba.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvemotokari dzemagetsi ibheteri pack, iyo inochengeta magetsi kuti isimbise mota. Aya mabhatiri mapaketi anowanzo kugadzirwa nemasero e-lithium-ion anogona kubhadharwa kuburikidza nechiteshi chekuchaja. Saizi uye kugona kwebhatiri pack zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemhando yemotokari yemagetsi, ine mapeji akakura anopa marefu ekutyaira.

Chimwe chikamu chakakosha chemotokari dzemagetsi imota yemagetsi, inoshandura simba remagetsi kubva mubhatiri kuita simba remagetsi kutyaira mavhiri. Magetsi emagetsi anozivikanwa nekushanda kwawo uye torque ipapo, achipa yakatsetseka uye yakanyarara yekutyaira ruzivo.

Pamusoro pebhatiri pack uye mota yemagetsi, mota dzemagetsi zvakare dzine inverter yemagetsi, inoshandura yakananga ikozvino (DC) kubva mubhatiri kuenda kune inochinjika ikozvino (AC) kuti isimbise mota. Ichi chikamu chakakosha pakushanda kwakanaka kwemagetsi drivetrain.

Ramangwana reMagetsi Mota neOiri

Remangwana remotokari dzemagetsi nemafuta inyaya yave ichiwedzera kutariswa mumakore achangopfuura. Nekukwira kwekunetseka pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukosha kwekudzikisa kutsamira kwedu pamafuta efossil, mota dzemagetsi dzakabuda seimwe nzira inovimbisa kune dzechinyakare dzinofambiswa nepeturu.

Motokari dzemagetsi dzinofambiswa nemagetsi akachengetwa mumabhatiri, anogona kuchajwa pamba kana pazviteshi zvekuchaja. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanoburitsa zero emissions vachityaira, zvichiita kuti vachenese nharaunda zvichienzaniswa nemota dzechinyakare dzinoshandisa peturu. Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichivandudza, mota dzemagetsi dziri kuwedzera kudhura uye kuwanikwa kune veruzhinji, zvichiita kuti vawedzere mukurumbira wavo.

Nekune rimwe divi, indasitiri yemafuta iri kutarisana nematambudziko sezvo nyika iri kutamira kune ramangwana rakagadzikana. Nekukura kuri kudiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi, kudiwa kwemafuta kunotarisirwa kudzikira mumakore anotevera. Shanduko iyi iri kumanikidza makambani emafuta kuti afunge zvakare mabhizinesi avo modhi uye nekudyara mune anodzoreredzwa magetsi masosi kuti arambe achikwikwidza mumusika.

Mhedziso

Nyaya yacho inotaura nezvekudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwe mota dzemagetsi uye ramangwana rakajeka reindasitiri yemotokari yemagetsi. Nekuwedzera kwekudyara kubva kune automaker uye kurudziro yehurumende, shanduko yekufamba kwemagetsi inotarisirwa kukurumidza. Mota dzemagetsi dzinopa yakagadzikana uye inovandudza nzira yekufambisa, kushandura indasitiri yemotokari uye kugadzira nzira yeramangwana rakachena, rakasvibira. Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, mota dzemagetsi dziri kuwedzera kutengwa uye kuwanikwa kune vatengi vanoziva zvakatipoteredza. Ramangwana remotokari dzemagetsi neoiri rakabatana nechinangwa chekudzikisa kabhoni tsoka uye shanduko yakananga kune yakasarudzika yekufambisa sisitimu. Kusimuka kwemotokari dzemagetsi kunoratidza kudzikira kwekuvimba neoiri uye kuchinjika kune yakachena magetsi masosi, zvichiratidza kuti remangwana rekufambisa ndeyemagetsi. Indasitiri yemafuta inozofanirwa kuchinjika kune idzi shanduko kuti irarame mukufamba kwenguva.