Esi elektrik-ʋuwo (EV) yi edzi le amewo ƒe lɔlɔ̃ ɖe edzi ta la, tiatia vovovowo dze ŋgɔ amesiwo ate ŋu aƒle wo, eye wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe kpɔa nuhiahiã vovovowo kple nusiwo wodi gbɔ. Nyabiase si nye be ƒomevi si EV nyo wu la nɔ te ɖe ame ɖekaɖekawo ƒe nudidiwo dzi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ʋukuku ƒe nɔnɔme, gazazã, kple agbenɔnɔ. Eɖanye dugã me ʋu sue aɖe, SUV si sɔ na ƒomewo, alo kamedefefeʋu si wɔa dɔ nyuie dim nèle o, EV li na wò. EV ƒomevi vovovoawo kple woƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo gɔmesese nye nu vevi aɖe si ana nàwɔ nyametsotso si ŋu wonya nu tsoe. Le nyati sia me la, míadzro EV ƒe hatsotso vovovoawo me—tso elektrik-ʋu siwo ŋu batri le (BEV) dzi va ɖo elektrik-ʋu siwo wotsɔa elektrikŋusẽ wɔe (PHEV) dzi—eye míakpe ɖe ŋuwò nànya wo dometɔ si sɔ kple wò nuhiahiãwo.
Elektrikʋuwo (EV) Ƒomeviwo .
Esi elektrik-ʋuwo (EV) ƒe didi le dzidzim ɖe edzi la, ele vevie be woase EV ƒomevi vovovo siwo le asi me gɔme. Viɖe vovovowo le ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe ŋu eye wòkpɔa ʋukuku ƒe nuhiahiã tɔxɛwo kple nusiwo wòlɔ̃na gbɔ. Le ete la, míedzro EV ƒomevi vevi eneawo me: Batri-Elektrik-ʋuwo (BEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), Hybrid Electric Ʋuwo (HEVs), kple Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs).
1. Batri ƒe Elektrik Ʋuwo (BEVs) .
Description :
BEV-ʋuwo nye elektrik-ʋu siwo katã zãa batri. Mɔ̃ aɖeke mele ʋu siawo me o, eye elektrikŋusẽ si wodzra ɖo ɖe woƒe batri me koe woɖoa ŋu ɖo. Wotoa elektrik-kaƒomɔ̃ dzi doa dzo na BEV-wo, le aƒeme alo le dutoƒoxɔwo me.
Best For :
BEV-ʋuwo sɔ nyuie na ʋukulawo siwo si gaxɔgbalẽvi siwo ŋu kakaɖedzi le, abe aƒeme charger-dɔwɔƒewo alo dutoƒo charger siwo keke ta ene, eye wodina be yewoakpɔ ʋukuku ƒe nuteƒekpɔkpɔ si me ya si dona le eme o. Wosɔ na gbesiagbe mɔzɔzɔ alo mɔzɔzɔ kpui va ɖo titina siwo me woate ŋu axɔ agba le bɔbɔe.
Viɖewo Kple Kuxiwo :
Viɖewo :
Zero emissions : BEV-wo meɖea ya si dona le wo me kura o, si wɔe be wonye tiatia si me gblẽa nu le nutome ŋu wu le EV-wo dome.
Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gazazã siwo bɔbɔ ɖe anyi wu : Zi geɖe la, elektrikŋusẽ ƒe asi bɔbɔ wu mɔ̃memi, eye akpa siwo ʋãna ʋɛ aɖewo koe nɔa BEV-ʋuwo ŋu, si wɔnɛ be ga si wozãna ɖe wo dzadzraɖo ŋu dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna.
Ʋukuku didi wu : Fifia BEV geɖe naa ʋukuku ƒe mɔ siwo sɔ kple hoʋiʋli, zi geɖe la, wozɔa kilometa 250 va ɖo 400 ne woxe fe blibo, si wɔe be wosɔ na gbesiagbe zazã.
Nusiwo gblẽ le eŋu :
Ga home si lolo wu do ŋgɔ : BEV-wo ƒe asi ƒle le gɔmedzedzea me lolo wu le woƒe batri gãwo ƒe asi ta.
Ŋuɖoɖo ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo ŋu : BEV-ʋuwo hiã be woage ɖe agbatsɔƒewo, siwo ɖewohĩ womabɔ le nuto aɖewo me o, eye ɣeyiɣi siwo woatsɔ axɔ dzoe didi wu ami dodo ɖe gas-ʋu me.
2. Elektrik-ʋu Siwo Wotsɔa Plug-in Hybrid (PHEV) .
Description :
PHEV-wo ƒoa elektrik-mɔ̃ kple mɔ̃ si wotsɔna ƒoa dzoe (ICE) si wozãna tsã la nu ƒu. Woate ŋu atsɔ elektrikŋusẽ ade ʋu siawo me be woagade elektrik batri la me gake mɔ̃memi si wotsɔa mɔ̃memi wɔe hã le wo si si ƒoa afɔ ne elektrikŋusẽa vɔ. PHEV-ʋuwo naa mɔnukpɔkpɔ ame be wòaku ʋu to elektrikŋusẽ alo mɔ̃memi zazã me.
Best For :
PHEVs sɔ nyuie na amesiwo di be yewoatia mɔ̃memi ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ nenye be wozɔ mɔ didi wu alo ne wole teƒe siwo mɔ̃memi ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo seɖoƒe li na. Wosɔ na ʋukulawo siwo di be yewoaɖe ya si dona le yame dzi akpɔtɔ gake wogahiã amitsoƒe si wozãna tsã ƒe dedienɔnɔ kokoko hafi woate ŋu azɔ mɔ didiwo.
Viɖewo Kple Kuxiwo :
Viɖewo :
Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu : PHEV-ʋuwo naa nu nyuitɔ kekeake le xexe eveawo me to tiatia si wonana be woaku ʋu le elektrikŋusẽ me hena mɔzɔzɔ kpuiwo kple mɔ̃memi na mɔzɔzɔ didiwo.
Nusiwo dona le yame dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ : Ne wole dɔ wɔm kple elektrikŋusẽ la, PHEV-wo meɖea ya si dona le wo me o.
Ʋukuku ƒe didime nyui : Elektrikmɔ̃ kple mɔ̃memi ƒe mɔ̃ si wotsɔ ƒo ƒui naa ʋukuku ƒe didime bliboa didi wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple BEV-ʋuwo.
Nusiwo gblẽ le eŋu :
Higher upfront cost : PHEVs dina be yewoaxɔ asi wu standard hybrids le dual powertrain kple batri si lolo wu ta.
Beléle na PHEV siwo sesẽ wu : Ne elektrikmɔ̃ kple mɔ̃memi siaa le PHEV-wo ŋu ta la, ehiã be woalé be na wo geɖe wu eye woate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe ɖe wo dzi kpɔkpɔ ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi.
Mewɔa dɔ nyuie wu ne wole mɔ̃memi zãm o : Togbɔ be ya si dona le yame dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna ne wotsɔe sɔ kple ʋu xoxowo hã la, PHEV-ʋuwo gakpɔtɔ ɖoa ŋu ɖe mɔ̃memi ŋu, si ɖea mɔ̃memi zazã bliboa dzi kpɔtɔna.
3. Elektrik-ʋu siwo wotsɔa elektrikŋusẽ tsakana (HEVs) .
Description :
HEV-wo zãa mɔ̃memimɔ̃ kple elektrik-mɔ̃ ƒokpli, gake to vovo na PHEV-wo la, womate ŋu atsɔ wo ade wo me be woagaxɔ dzo o. Wotoa brek si gbugbɔa ŋusẽ kple mɔ̃memimɔ̃a dzi doa dzo na batri la. HEV-ʋuwo trɔna le wo ɖokui si le elektrikmɔ̃a kple mɔ̃memimɔ̃a dome le ʋukuku ƒe nɔnɔmewo nu.
Best For :
HEV-ʋuwo sɔ nyuie na ʋukulawo siwo di be yewoana ami zazã nanyo ɖe edzi eye yewoaɖe yewoƒe carbon footprint dzi akpɔtɔ evɔ yewomatsi dzi ɖe charging infrastructure ŋu o. Ʋu siawo mehiã be woaxɔ dzo le gota o, si wɔe be wosɔ na amesiwo di be yewoakpɔ viɖe siwo tso mɔ̃ɖaŋununya si wotsɔa ʋu vovovowo wɔe me gake womete ŋu ɖoa agbatsɔƒewo o.
Viɖewo Kple Kuxiwo :
Viɖewo :
Mɔ̃memi zazã nyuie wu : HEV-ʋuwo naa ami zazã nyuie wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple ʋu xoxowo le elektrik-mɔ̃a ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu ta.
Mehiã be woatsɔ agbatsɔƒewo o : Esi wònye be HEV-ʋuwo doa agba na woƒe batri to brek si gbugbɔa ŋusẽ kple mɔ̃memimɔ̃a dzi ta la, mehiã be woage ɖe mɔ̃memi ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo me o.
Ya si dona le yame si bɔbɔ ɖe anyi wu : Togbɔ be ya si dona le HEV-ʋuwo me meɖea ya si dona le wo me kura o hã la, ya si dona le wo me la mesɔ gbɔ o wu ʋu siwo wozãna ɖaa, vevietɔ le dugã me ʋukuku me.
Nusiwo gblẽ le eŋu :
Egaɖoa ŋu ɖe mɔ̃memi ŋu kokoko : Togbɔ be HEV-wo mezãa ami nyuie wu hã la, wogaɖoa ŋu ɖe mɔ̃memi ŋu kokoko, si fia be womeɖea vi na nutome abe BEV-wo ene o.
Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe didime si seɖoƒe li na : Zi geɖe la, elektrikmɔ̃ si le HEV me wɔa dɔ le duƒuƒu sue alo le duƒuƒu me ko, eye elektrikŋusẽ ƒe didime sue aɖe ko ne wotsɔe sɔ kple PHEV alo BEV.
4. Elektrik-ʋu siwo ƒe didime keke ta (EREV) .
Description :
EREVs nye PHEV ƒomevi aɖe koŋ si ƒe batri lolo wu eye elektrikŋusẽ koe woate ŋu azã. Ne batri la vɔ la, mɔ̃memimɔ̃ sue aɖe gena ɖe eme be wòakeke ʋua ƒe didime ɖe enu, si wɔnɛ be ʋukulaa te ŋu yia mɔa dzi evɔ metsi dzi be elektrikŋusẽa vɔ le eŋu o.
Nu Nyuitɔ Kekeake Na :
EREV-ʋuwo nyo wu na amesiwo di be yewoaku ʋu kple elektrikŋusẽ koŋ gake wogahiã mɔ̃memimɔ̃ ƒe kakaɖedzi kokoko hena mɔzɔzɔ didiwo. Wosɔ nyuie na ame ɖekaɖeka siwo di be yewoaɖe ya si dona le ʋua me dzi akpɔtɔ le ʋukuku me gbesiagbe gake wohiã be woazɔ mɔ didi na mɔ dzi mɔzɔzɔwo alo teƒe siwo ʋuɖoƒewo mele o.
Viɖewo Kple Kuxiwo :
Viɖewo :
Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe didime gã : Zi geɖe la, EREV-ʋuwo naa elektrikŋusẽ ɖeɖeko ƒe didime didi wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple PHEV-ʋu siwo wozãna ɖaa, si wɔnɛ be wosɔna na gbesiagbe ʋukuku le elektrikŋusẽ dzi.
Gasoline engine backup : Gasoline engine kpɔa egbɔ be ʋua te ŋu yia edzi le dɔ wɔm ne elektrik batri la vɔ ko, si wɔnɛ be wometsia dzi ɖe charge ƒe vɔvɔ le mɔzɔzɔ didiwo me ŋu o.
Nusiwo gblẽ le eŋu :
Still some emissions : Togbɔ be EREV-wo naa elektrikŋusẽ ƒe didime gã aɖe hã la, wogaɖoa ŋu ɖe mɔ̃memi ŋu ne wonya vɔ le batri la ko, si wɔnɛ be ya si dona le eme.
Gazazã si lolo wu : Batriki si lolo wu kple elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ eve na EREV xɔ asi wu hybrid alo PHEV siwo wozãna ɖaa.
Nusiwo Ŋu Nàbu Ne Èle EV Nyuitɔ Tiam
Elektrik-ʋu (EV) nyuitɔ tiatia nɔ te ɖe nu vevi geɖe siwo sɔ kple wò ʋukuku ƒe nɔnɔme, gazazã, kple agbenɔnɔ dzi. Akpa vevi siwo ŋu wòle be woabu lae nye esi:
1.Driving Range
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) naa ʋu siwo didi wu, zi geɖe la, kilometa 250 va ɖo 400 le ʋu ɖesiaɖe si wodona me. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) kple Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) naa woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu geɖe wu kple mɔ̃memi ƒe megbedede na mɔzɔzɔ didiwo, si ɖea didiƒe ƒe dzimaɖitsitsi dzi kpɔtɔna.
2.Charging Infrastructure
BEV-wo hiã be woakpɔ charge-dɔwɔƒe siwo ŋu kakaɖedzi le. Ne aƒeme charge kple dutoƒo charger li la, BEV nye tiatia nyui aɖe. Ne mɔ̃memi ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo mesɔ gbɔ o la, PHEV-ʋuwo nye tiatia nyuitɔ, elabena woate ŋu aɖo ŋu ɖe mɔ̃memi ŋu ne ehiã.
3.Gazazã kple Gazazã Do ŋgɔ
Zi geɖe la, ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me sɔa gbɔ wu le gɔmedzedzea me gake woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gazazãwo bɔbɔna ɖe edzi le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe. PHEV kple HEV ƒe asi bɔbɔ wu do ŋgɔ, si wɔe be wonye tiatia si hea ame siwo ƒe gazazã mede o, vevietɔ le woƒe ami zazã nyuie ta.
4.BEV siwo gblẽa nu le nutome ŋu
wu, eye womeɖea ya aɖeke le wo ŋu le dɔwɔwɔ me o. PHEV kple EREV ɖea ya si dona le yame dzi kpɔtɔna ne wole dɔ wɔm le elektrikŋusẽ me gake wozãa mɔ̃memi kokoko, si gblẽa nu le woƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe nutome dzi.
5.Beléle na
BEVwo ƒe akpa siwo ʋãna mesɔ gbɔ o eye beléle na wo ƒe gazazãwo hã bɔbɔna. PHEV kple HEV hiã beléle geɖe wu le woƒe ŋusẽ eve (elektrikmɔ̃ kple mɔ̃memi mɔ̃) ta gake wogakpɔtɔ naa ʋukuku didi wu.
Nyabiasewo ƒe Akpa (Nyabiase Siwo Wobiana Enuenu) .
1.Vovototo vevi kawoe le BEV, PHEV, kple HEV dome?
Elektrikŋusẽ le BEV-ʋuwo ŋu bliboe, eye ehiã be woaxɔ dzo tso elektrikŋusẽdoƒe aɖe ko. PHEV-ʋuwo ƒoa elektrikmɔ̃ kple mɔ̃memi mɔ̃ nu ƒu, si naa ŋusẽtsoƒe eveawo siaa te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu. HEV-ʋuwo zãa elektrikmɔ̃ kple mɔ̃memi siaa gake womate ŋu atsɔ wo ade eme be woagaxɔ dzo o.
2.Ɣeyiɣi didi kae wòxɔna hafi wodoa agba na BEV?
Ɣeyiɣi si woatsɔ axɔ BEV la nɔ te ɖe alesi woaxɔ agbae dzi. Aƒeme asitsaƒe si wozãna ɖaa ate ŋu axɔ gaƒoƒo 8-12 hafi woaxɔ fe blibo, gake dɔwɔƒe siwo xɔa agba kabakaba ate ŋu axɔ BEV si ade 80% le abe miniti 30 ene me.
3.Ðe dzideƒonamenu aɖewo li siwo ate ŋu aƒle EVa?
Dziɖuɖu geɖe naa adzɔxexe ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu, gagbugbɔɖoɖo, kple dzideƒonamenu bubuwo be woana EV-ʋuwo naxɔ asi wu, vevietɔ na BEV-ʋuwo. Dzideƒonamenu siawo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be woaɖe ga si woƒle le gɔmedzedzea me dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòana EV-ʋuwo nasu ame si wu.
4.Nukae nye EV batri ƒe agbenɔƒe?
Zi geɖe la, EV batriwo nɔa anyi ƒe 8-10 alo abe kilometa 100,000 va ɖo 150,000 ene, le woƒe wɔwɔme kple woƒe nɔnɔme nu. EV wɔƒe akpa gãtɔ naa mɔɖegbalẽ na batri la, eye zi geɖe la, woxea fe ɖe eta ƒe 8 alo esi wu nenema.
Nyanuwuwuw
Ƒomevi nyuitɔ kekeake EV nɔ te ɖe wò nuhiahiã tɔxɛwo dzi. BEV-wo sɔ nyuie na amesiwo le didim be yewomaɖe ya si dona le yame o eye woaɖe gazazã siwo anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi dzi akpɔtɔ gake ebia be woakpɔ gaxɔgbalẽviwo ƒe xɔtuɖoɖowo. PHEV kple EREV naa amesiwo kua ʋu didi wu alo nɔa teƒe siwo woate ŋu axɔ ga le bɔbɔe la te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu. HEV-ʋuwo naa ami zazã nyuie ŋutɔ na amesiwo medi be yewoanɔ te ɖe mɔ̃memidzraƒewo dzi kura o. Ne èse wò ʋukuku ƒe nɔnɔmewo, gadodo ƒe tiatia, kple gazazã gɔme la, àte ŋu akpɔ EV si sɔ na wò agbenɔnɔ nyuie wu.
